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Indonesia, [a] officially the Republic of Indonesia, [b] is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at ...
- Indonesia
Indonesia, dengan nama resmi Republik Indonesia, adalah...
- Simple English
Indonesia, ( / ˌɪndəˈniːʒə, - ziə, - ʃə /) [5] [6]...
- Talk
Indonesia is a former featured article.Please see the links...
- Jakarta
Jakarta (/ dʒ ə ˈ k ɑːr t ə /; Indonesian pronunciation:...
- Christianity
Indonesia also has the second-largest Christian population...
- Puan Maharani
Puan Maharani Nakshatra Kusyala Devi (born 6 September 1973)...
- Java Man
Java Man (Homo erectus erectus, formerly also...
- Ma'ruf Amin
Ma'ruf Amin (born 11 March 1943) is an Indonesian...
- Archipelagic State
An archipelagic state is an island country that consists of...
- Indonesia
Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas dalam bahasa Indonesia, disediakan secara gratis oleh Wikimedia Foundation, sebuah organisasi nirlaba.
- Overview
- Land
- Relief
Indonesia, country located off the coast of mainland Southeast Asia in the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is an archipelago that lies across the Equator and spans a distance equivalent to one-eighth of Earth’s circumference. Its islands can be grouped into the Greater Sunda Islands of Sumatra (Sumatera), Java (Jawa), the southern extent of Borneo (Kalimantan), and Celebes (Sulawesi); the Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa Tenggara) of Bali and a chain of islands that runs eastward through Timor; the Moluccas (Maluku) between Celebes and the island of New Guinea; and the western extent of New Guinea (generally known as Papua). The capital, Jakarta, is located near the northwestern coast of Java. In the early 21st century Indonesia was the most populous country in Southeast Asia and the fourth most populous in the world.
Indonesia was formerly known as the Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies). Although Indonesia did not become the country’s official name until the time of independence, the name was used as early as 1884 by a German geographer; it is thought to derive from the Greek indos, meaning “India,” and nesos, meaning “island.” After a period of occupation by the Japanese (1942–45) during World War II, Indonesia declared its independence from the Netherlands in 1945. Its struggle for independence, however, continued until 1949, when the Dutch officially recognized Indonesian sovereignty. It was not until the United Nations (UN) acknowledged the western segment of New Guinea as part of Indonesia in 1969 that the country took on its present form. The former Portuguese territory of East Timor (Timor-Leste) was incorporated into Indonesia in 1976. Following a UN-organized referendum in 1999, however, East Timor declared its independence and became fully sovereign in 2002.
Indonesia is the largest country in Southeast Asia, with a maximum dimension from east to west of about 3,200 miles (5,100 km) and an extent from north to south of 1,100 miles (1,800 km). It shares a border with Malaysia in the northern part of Borneo and with Papua New Guinea in the centre of New Guinea. Indonesia is composed of some 17,500 islands, of which more than 7,000 are uninhabited. Almost three-fourths of Indonesia’s area is embraced by Sumatra, Kalimantan, and western New Guinea; Celebes, Java, and the Moluccas account for most of the country’s remaining area.
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The major Indonesian islands are characterized by densely forested volcanic mountains in the interior that slope downward to coastal plains covered by thick alluvial swamps that, in turn, dissolve into shallow seas and coral reefs. Beneath this surface the unique and complex physical structure of Indonesia encompasses the junction of three major sections of the Earth’s crust and involves a complicated series of shelves, volcanic mountain chains, and deep-sea trenches. The island of Borneo and the island arc that includes Sumatra, Java, Bali, and the Lesser Sunda chain sit on the Sunda Shelf, a southward extension of the continental mass of Asia. The shelf is bounded on the south and west by deep-sea trenches, such as the Java Trench (about 24,440 feet [7,450 metres] deep at its lowest point), which form the true continental boundary. New Guinea and its adjacent islands, possibly including the island of Halmahera, sit on the Sahul Shelf, which is a northwestern extension of the Australian continental mass; the shelf is bounded to the northeast by a series of oceanic troughs and to the northwest by troughs, a chain of coral reefs, and a series of submarine ridges. The third major unit of the Earth’s crust in Indonesia is an extension of the belt of mountains that forms Japan and the Philippines; the mountains run southward between Borneo and New Guinea and include a series of volcanoes and deep-sea trenches on and around Celebes and the Moluccas.
The relation between these three landmasses is not clearly understood. The present land-sea formations are somewhat misleading because the seas that lie on the Sunda and Sahul shelves are shallow and of geologically recent origin; they rest on the continental mass rather than on a true ocean floor. The Sunda Shelf in the vicinity of the Java Sea has relatively low relief, contains several coral reefs, and is not volcanic. The mountain system that stretches along the South China and Celebes seas of this shelf and that marks the outer edge of the continental mass of Asia, however, is an area of strong relief and is one of the most active volcanic zones in the world.
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Indonesia was classified as part of MINT and became a member of the G20 during his presidency. Elected to a second term in 2009. Indonesia formed the Bali Democracy Forum and became a founding member of the Open Government Partnership. He presided over consistent economic growth.
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London. / 51.50722°N 0.12750°W / 51.50722; -0.12750. London is the capital and largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of around 8.8 million, [1] and its metropolitan area is the largest in Western Europe, with a population of 14.9 million.
- 606.96 sq mi (1,572.03 km²)
- 36 ft (11 m)
- England
- London (Greater London)
The population of Indonesia was 270.20 million according to the 2020 national census, an increase from 237.64 million in 2010. [1] [2] The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 275,773,800, increasing at a rate of 1.17% per year. [3] Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world. Approximately 55% of Indonesia's population resides ...
