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Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (UK: / ˈ p r uː d ɒ̃ /, US: / p r uː ˈ d ɒ̃, p r uː ˈ d oʊ n /, French: [pjɛʁ ʒɔzɛf pʁudɔ̃]; 15 January 1809 – 19 January 1865) was a French socialist, politician, philosopher, and economist who founded mutualist philosophy and is considered by many to be the "father of anarchism".
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon What is Property? An Inquiry into the Principle of Right and of Government 1840 Translated from the French by Benj. R. Tucker.
Proudhon’s concept of a “Peoples Bank” and a new monetary system influenced many thinkers after his death in 1865. The following are excerpts from Woodcock’s Pierre-Joseph Proudhon: His Life and Work (1956) (New York: Schocken, 1972).` GW is George Woodcock (see above), P-J P is Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. (GW) “Eight years before his ...
- On Democracy and Universal Suffrage
- On Revolution and Louis-Napoleon
- On Capitalism and Socialism
- On War and Peace
- On Slavery and Race
- On Legacies
- Conclusions
The first, and most repeated, claim that Proudhon was a proto-fascist rests with his views of democracy. Schapiro makes many assertions on these in his original article but provides only three actual quotations. While supplemented by other quotations and claims, these remain the centrepiece of his revised chapter and show his technique at work. The...
Part of Schapiro’s wider argument is that Louis-Napoleon was a proto-fascist Statesman. Given this, he is keen to show that Proudhon supported Louis-Napoleon’s transformation of the Presidency into the position of Emperor and the Second Republic into the Second Empire: There are numerous issues with this. First, Schapiro does not explain how Proudh...
As well as being a “passionate hater of democracy”, Schapiro claims that Proudhon viewed “socialism” in the same light. (362) He warms to this theme: He contrasts Proudhon to socialists who “directed their attacks on the capitalistic system of production; hence they sought to substitute socialization for private ownership – the Utopians, through co...
The next charge against Proudhon is that he was a warmonger and militarist. This is his argument from the original article: Schapiro clearly assumes his reader’s ignorance of Proudhon work for this summary is a complete distortion of its argument. Likewise, he does not seek to explain how his admission that Proudhon “repudiated violent methods” and...
Schapiro is correct to note Proudhon’s anti-Semitism and uses it as means to generalise about his views on race: Schapiro references a single page in La Guerre et la paixand there are numerous issues with this summation. First, Proudhon made no reference to Negroes being “the lowest in the racial hierarchy” nor the “division of mankind into creativ...
Proudhon during his lifetime was, rightly, considered a man of the left and demonised by the right. This changed, as Schapiro recounts, around 50 years after his death thanks to the activities of French neo-royalists before the First World War, when sections of the right celebrated certain aspects of Proudhon’s ideas. From there to fascism, with Sc...
Articles about Proudhon usually tell us more about the authors and their political drives than about their subject. Rather than take the time to understand Proudhon and the era which shaped his views, commentators have tended to be dismissive of him and proclaim his ideas as contradictory. This, in turn, made it easy to treat any contradictions and...
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WRITINGS OF PIERRE-JOSEPH PROUDHON Edward Castleton* University of Franche-Comté This article explores the relationship between Proudhon s understanding of «mutu-alism» and «association». It argues that Proudhon s dual understanding of both terms was influenced by his reflections on corporate form. Prior to 1848, Proudhon
