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How Freud used a boy's horse phobia to support his theories. Case study of Sigmund Freud's client Rat Man (Ernst Lanzer), whose obsessive thoughts helped Freud to develop his theories.
- About The Veridicality of Perception
- Perception as A Grand Illusion
- Conclusions
- Conflict of Interest Statement
- Acknowledgments
- Footnotes
The Relationship Between Reality and Object
Sensory perception is often the most striking proof of something factual—when we perceive something, we interpret it and take it as “objective”, “real”. Most obviously, you can experience this with eyewitness testimonies: If an eyewitness has “seen it with the naked eye”, judges, jury members and attendees take the reports of these percepts not only as strong evidence, but usually as fact—despite the active and biasing processes on basis of perception and memory. Indeed, it seems that there i...
Limitations of the Possibility of Objective Perception
The limitations of perception are even more far reaching: our perception is not only limited when we do not have access to the thing in itself, it is very practically limited to the quality of processing and the general specifications of our perceptual system. For instance, our acoustic sense can only register and process a very narrow band of frequencies ranging from about 16 Hz–20 kHz as a young adult—this band gets narrower and narrower with increasing age. Typically, infrasonic and ultras...
Illusory Construction of the World
The problem with the idea of veridical perception of the world is further intensified when taking additional perceptual phenomena, which demonstrate highly constructive qualities of our perceptual system, into account. A very prominent example of this kind is the perceptual effect which arises when any visual information which we want to process falls on the area of the retina where the so-called blind spot is located (see Figure 1). Interestingly, visual information that is mapped on the bli...
Reconstructing Human Psychological Reality
There is clearly an enormous gap between the big data provided by the external world and our strictly limited capacity to process them. The gap widens even further when taking into account that we not only have to process the data but ultimately have to make clear sense of the core of the given situation. The goal is to make one (and only one) decision based on the unambiguous interpretation of this situation in order to execute an appropriate action. This very teleological way of processing...
Constructing Human Psychological Reality
This reconstructive capability is impressive and helps us to get rid of ambiguous or indeterminate percepts. However, the power of perception is even more intriguing when we look at a related phenomenon. When we analyze perceptual illusions where entities or relations are not only enhanced in their recognizability but even entirely constructed without a physical correspondence, then we can quite rightly speak of the “active construction” of human psychological reality. A very prominent exampl...
Perceptual illusions can be seen, interpreted and used in two very different aspects: on the one hand, and this is the common property assigned to illusions, they are used to entertain people. They are a part of our everyday culture, they can kill time. On the other hand, they are often the starting point for creating insights. And insights, especi...
The author declares that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
This paper was strongly inspired by Richard L. Gregory’s talks, texts and theories which I particularly enjoyed during the first years of my research career. The outcome of these “perceptions” changed my “perception on reality” and so on “reality” as such. I would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers who put much effort in assisting me to imp...
There is an interesting update in technology for demonstrating this effect putting forward by one of the reviewers. If you use the 2nd camera of your smartphone (the one for shooting “selfies”) or...
- Claus-Christian Carbon
- 2014
Dr. Ernst Lanzer, alias the "Rat Man," consulted Freud on October 1, 1907, and began an analysis that allegedly lasted a little more than eleven months and ended in a complete cure. The patient's presenting symptoms were florid: Obsessions lasting from childhood had intensified most dramatically in the previous four years.
Oct 19, 2019 · A great tool to help readers of Freud’s “Ratman” study is the well researched Freud and the Rat Manby Patrick J. Mahony. Patrick was able to compare the original process notes with the published case, make improved translations, and correct some of the chronology.
We consider the case of the “Rat Man” an important landmark work of Sigmund Freud that helped in understanding of clinical presentation and psychoanalytic aspect of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), then termed “obsessional neurosis” by Freud.
Abstract. Exploring Freud’s Rat Man case, this piece analyses the chain of signification that emerges in Freud’s articulation of the rat-related signifiers through which his patient’s neurosis is expressed.
Freud noted that the Rat Man was struggling against his mother's wishes that he marry Emily, a young woman with "particularly beautiful eyes."
![Antropomorphic Rat-man - 3D model by langas94 [3ccfb9a] - Sketchfab](https://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=rat-man+demonstration+photos&ei=UTF-8&r=web_filter&xargs=0&th=114.4&tw=203.9&imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedia.sketchfab.com%2Fmodels%2F3ccfb9a4d64547fbb76f9173db03e29d%2Fthumbnails%2F3492746c22e747d59922e7a0f4366659%2F367b00197fdc4dc5b72078b91ff65469.jpeg&rurl=https%3A%2F%2Fsketchfab.com%2F3d-models%2Fantropomorphic-rat-man-3ccfb9a4d64547fbb76f9173db03e29d&size=230KB&name=Antropomorphic+Rat-man+-+3D+model+by+langas94+%5B3ccfb9a%5D+-+Sketchfab&oid=2&h=1080&w=1920&turl=https%3A%2F%2Ftse1.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DOIP.sVfpFrJbJRNB4ayDAzGoXwHaEK%26pid%3DApi%26rs%3D1%26c%3D1%26qlt%3D95%26w%3D203%26h%3D114&tt=Antropomorphic+Rat-man+-+3D+model+by+langas94+%5B3ccfb9a%5D+-+Sketchfab&sigr=qeGlBH_neNsC&sigit=ehqwV10.8Yzh&sigi=mXhBoeBQubav&sign=SqvQCogqPE.O&sigt=SqvQCogqPE.O "Antropomorphic Rat-man - 3D model by langas94 [3ccfb9a] - Sketchfab")
