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Academic writing is built upon three truths that aren’t self-evident: – Writing is Thinking: While “writing” is traditionally understood as the expression of thought, we’ll redefine “writing” as the thought process itself. Writing is not what you do with thought. Writing is thinking.
An essay is not just about showing what you know. A good essay, whether for an exam or during term-time, is one that applies what you have learned to the task of addressing the specific essay question. With this in mind, the general advice is: Answer the question; keep it relevant.
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- II. Writing for Social Studies 10
- III. About the Handbook
- II. From Reading to Writing: Three Types of Argument in Social Theory
- The Normative Approach
- The Analytical Approach, or Immanent Critique
- How You Can Join the Critical Conversation
- THREE: GETTING DOWN TO WRITING
- I. Two Kinds of Papers: Single Author vs. Comparative
- II. Making Sense of Your Assignment
- Why Revise?
- How to Refine an Argument: Substantive Revisions
- Reorganizing For Your Reader: Structural Revisions
- Style and Format Revisions
- IV. Evaluation
While much of the learning in Social Studies 10 takes place in the dialogue among students and between students and tutors in the weekly tutorial meetings, those meetings are designed in part to prepare you for the experience of writing the papers. The central purpose of writing the papers is to give you a chance to develop more fully and learn how...
The preceding section should have made clear how central writing is to the experience of Social Studies 10. The class is not so much a “Great Books” course as a course that will equip you with the skills necessary to participate in social inquiry. It aims to teach you to communicate your ideas in a comprehensible and persuasive manner. In achieving...
There remains, finally, the largest and most important strategy for working through the reading material in Social Studies 10 and developing a critical theoretical position of your own. This is to notice the presence of, and to learn to use, specific forms of argument that are central to all the theoretical work you will be reading and interpreting...
A second approach to questions of social theory, one which you will encounter in varying degrees in each of the theorists in Social Studies 10, consists in the deployment of normative arguments. Rather than claiming to describe or discover the nature of social reality, as in the empirical approach, the normative approach makes claims about how soci...
You will often witness the social theorists you read engaging in precisely this sort of ongoing conversation. On these occasions, the authors address and analyze arguments of contemporary or preceding authors. This analytical approach is sometimes called immanent critique. Such immanent critique usually combines appreciative appropriation with shar...
Given the nature of the Social Studies papers you will be asked to write (to which we will turn shortly), attentiveness to the analytical approach masterfully displayed by the likes of Mill, Marx, and Habermas can be instructive to you as a writer. Emulating it in your own papers is an excellent way to deepen your understanding of Social Studies 10...
Most of the authors you will be reading forge a distinctive hybrid of the empirical, normative, and analytical approaches in their work. It is up to you to sort them out and choose the approaches that most appeal to you as you prepare to compose your own social-theoretical essays. Social Studies 10 seeks to introduce you to the writings of major co...
Single-author papers demand attention to the cogency and complexity of an author’s work. Since Social Studies 10 often assigns representative samples from an author’s entire corpus, you may become aware of subtle (or not so subtle) changes in the author’s views over time. You may wish to point out how the early work is closer to fulfilling a norma...
A crucial step – indeed, the crucial first step – in writing a strong Social Studies paper is to determine as precisely as possible what the assignment is asking you to do. Your first task, in other words, is to interpret the paper topic itself. Keeping in mind one simple principle can go a long way towards insuring a less fraught relationship with...
Revision often makes the difference between a good paper and a superlative paper. Crudely speaking, students who learn to revise their essays will be rewarded for their efforts. Second or even third drafts of papers are more coherent, more organized, more argumentative, and have more nuances, than a first draft. Taking the time to draft and redraft...
The best papers have a clearly articulated and logically coherent argument that proceeds systematically and builds toward a conclusion. It is rarely the case that a writer will produce a fully conceptualized argument in a first draft. Indeed, papers with incoherent arguments (or no argument at all) are typical of beginners who do not revise their f...
Once you have conceptualized your argument and interjected it into every paragraph of the paper, you may notice that the paper becomes more difficult to read than it was as a first draft. This is not unusual: as your papers become more complex, your summaries may lose some clarity or the flow of the argument may be difficult to follow. To correct...
Maintaining a consistent format throughout your papers requires attention to detail. We recommend that you buy or borrow a manual of style (such as The Chicago Manual of Style). A resource like this is invaluable, especially if common computer programs, such as spell-checkers, supplement it. Each discipline has its own format for footnotes so you s...
Given the interpretive and argumentative nature of the writing involved, there can be no simple or scientific formula for grading a Social Studies paper. What we offer here is, instead, a more schematic distillation of the basic points that the preceding chapters have been making over and over in different ways. To give you a fuller sense of the p...
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Effective writing is a skill that is grounded in the cognitive domain. It involves learning, comprehension, application and synthesis of new knowledge. From a faculty member’s perspective, writing well entails more than adhering to writing conventions.
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The central idea - usually expressed in a single sentence (your answer to the question). In answering the question, you have to follow a clear and sustained line of reasoning. This involves identifying points in support of your central idea and developing them using appropriate evidence.
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An essay’s keyterms should be clear in their meaning and appear throughout (not be abandoned half-way); they should be appropriate for the subject at hand (not unfair or too simple—a false or constraining opposition); and they should not be inert clichés or abstractions (e.g. “the evils of society”). by Gordon Harvey
People also ask
What is the purpose of an essay?
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What are the 4 main purposes of writing an essay?
Why do students write essays in Social Studies 10?
1. THE PURPOSE OF YOUR ESSAY. Your essay’s purpose refers to its main rhetorical function with regard to why it is being written in the first place. Are you seeking to describe, narrate, argue or explain, these being the four common purposes for writing academic essays.
