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    • Esther Heerema, MSW
    • Alzheimer's Disease. Dementia is an umbrella term that covers many types of cognitive impairment. Symptoms of dementia generally include memory loss, poor judgment, communication difficulties, and personality changes.
    • Vascular Dementia. Early symptoms: Initial symptoms often include word-finding difficulty, memory loss, challenges in executive functioning and slow processing speed.
    • Parkinson's Disease Dementia. Initial symptoms: Parkinson's disease dementia is one type of Lewy body dementia. (The other is called dementia with Lewy bodies.)
    • Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Initial symptoms: Dementia with Lewy bodies is a type of Lewy body dementia. (The other kind is Parkinson's disease dementia.)
  1. Mar 21, 2022 · Many other conditions, in addition to the ones above, can cause symptoms that mimic dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, including disorders of the heart, lungs, liver or kidneys, thyroid problems, sodium or vitamin B12 deficiency, some cancers, pain, constipation, heavy alcohol use and depression.

    • Overview
    • Possible Causes
    • Care and Treatment
    • When to Call the Doctor

    Heterochromia is when your eyes are different colors. Each eye may be a different color, or there may be color variations within the same eye. It’s often due to a harmless genetic mutation. Other causes include congenital and acquired conditions, eye injury and some eye drops. An eye care specialist can diagnose or rule out such underlying causes.

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    OverviewPossible CausesCare and TreatmentWhen to Call the Doctor

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    What causes heterochromia?

    Causes of heterochromia include: Genetic mutations that only affect eye color (and which are harmless). Congenital (present from birth) or acquired conditions. Eye injuries or complications from certain treatments.

    How is heterochromia treated?

    Healthcare providers don’t have a specific treatment for heterochromia. It’s often a harmless variation in eye color. However, providers treat underlying conditions that cause heterochromia when they’re present. Some causes, like neuroblastoma, require quick diagnosis and treatment. For this reason, it’s important to see an eye care specialist for a proper diagnosis. They’ll give you a complete eye exam to check your eye health.

    When should I see a healthcare provider?

    See an ophthalmologist or optometrist if you notice any changes in your eye color or appearance. They’ll figure out the cause and give you treatment if needed. Heterochromia due to some congenital conditions, like Horner syndrome, may appear early in a baby’s life. If you notice your baby has different eye colors or other visual signs like small pupils or a drooping eyelid , tell their pediatrician. They’ll refer your child to specialists (including an ophthalmologist and neurologist) if needed to check for underlying conditions that may need treatment. A note from Cleveland Clinic If you notice your eyes are different colors, you might worry something is wrong. You may worry even more if you notice this sign in your child. The important thing to remember is not to panic. Heterochromia itself isn’t a disease, and it’s often harmless. But it can be a sign of some conditions that require treatment. So, schedule an appointment with an eye care specialist. They’ll find an explanation for the issue and, when needed, treat the underlying cause. Sometimes, the only treatment you need is hearing that everything is OK. And that’s just as important as any medicine. Medically Reviewed Last reviewed by a Cleveland Clinic medical professional on 06/28/2023. Learn more about our editorial process.

  2. Sep 11, 2022 · People who are confused and easily forget things don't necessarily have dementia. Many treatable diseases and conditions have symptoms similar to Alzheimer's disease and other forms of...

  3. Feb 13, 2024 · Dementia is a term used to describe a group of symptoms affecting memory, thinking and social abilities. In people who have dementia, the symptoms interfere with their daily lives. Dementia isn't one specific disease. Several diseases can cause dementia. Dementia generally involves memory loss.

  4. Oct 26, 2023 · A person with differently colored eyes or eyes that are more than one color has heterochromia. Learn more about the symptoms, types, risk factors, causes, diagnosis, and treatment.

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  6. Jun 25, 2023 · Author Information and Affiliations. Last Update: June 25, 2023. Go to: Continuing Education Activity. Heterochromia or heterochromia iridum indicates a difference between the color of the two irises. It usually involves the whole iris and can less commonly affect only part of the iris (sectoral heterochromia).

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    related to: what disorders can cause heterochromia in people with dementia
  2. Treatment for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. Explore an available treatment option for you or your loved one & sign up for more info.

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