Search results
Deception. Deception refers to the act—big or small, cruel or kind—of encouraging people to believe information that is not true. Lying is a common form of deception—stating something known ...
Nov 18, 2019 · The Ethics of Deception. Psychologists operate under rules that ensure they are taking into account ethical considerations. Because deception could cause harm to participants the use of deception in research is spelled out in their ethical guidelines. The APA ethics code states that a psychologist should not use deception unless the ends ...
Mar 1, 2016 · Leanne ten Brinke, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow in psychology at the University of California at Berkeley, also considers context in her research, but focuses on how people may unconsciously spot deception. Ten Brinke conducted preliminary research to explore how indirect measures of deception compare to direct, or conscious, measures.
Oct 24, 2012 · Psyops, or psychological operations, is a term used to describe the techniques of psychological manipulation used in warfare. These operations are used to deceive, confuse, disrupt and demoralize the enemy, with an aim toward weakening enemy resistance or even causing enemy forces to surrender and enemy populations to capitulate.
- Types of deception revealed by individual differences in cognitive abilities
- Procedure
- Discussion
- Materials
- Procedure
- Discussion
- GENERAL DISCUSSION
- APPENDIX
- Vigilance
- Filtering
- Divided attention
- Working memory
- Verbal working memory
- Spatial working memory
- Reasoning
- Cognitive set switching
- Three term reasoning
- Mental rotation
- Perceptual and motor control
- Perceptual/motor reaction time
a a Charity J. Morgan , Julia B. LeSage & Stephen M. Kosslyn
The participant came to the lab and completed the informed consent form. After this informed consent had been completed, we administered the nine MRAB tasks, presented on a Palm Tungsten C personal digital assistant (PDA). The investi-gator began by reading a prepared script, which explained to each participant how to use the PDA, how to position t...
The results revealed that different individual differences predict the IRT measure (the differ-ence in time to initiate a lie versus to tell the truth) for Memorized versus Spontaneous decep-tive responses. In particular, we see that Filtering RT (the MRAB Stroop task) was identified as a significant predictor for the Spontaneous, but not the Memor...
We prepared two sets of 24 questions; one set required a single-word response about oneself (used in the ‘‘Self’’ condition), and the other set required a single-word response about President George W. Bush (used in the ‘‘Other’’ condition). President Bush was chosen to be the subject of the ‘‘Other’’ questions because we assumed that most particip...
The procedure was the same as in Experiment 1, except as noted below. After the participant completed informed consent, we administered the MRAB, as in Experiment 1. As before, the investigator remained in the room, behind and out of sight of the participant, for the entire study and answered any questions the participants may have had. Once the pa...
The stepwise multiple regressions where the Raven’s scores were forced into the analysis at the outset (thereby removing the contribution of general intelligence) accounted for a larger pro-portion of overall variance, and thus we will focus on these analyses. We found that three MRAB scores predicted the Other, but not Self, IRT difference scores:...
An individual’s specific basic cognitive strengths and weaknesses should predict his or her per-formance on various complex tasks that draw on these abilities. For example, performance on a simple mental rotation task should predict per-formance on a more complicated procedure that requires the use of mental imagery transforma-tions. Using the MRAB...
Here we outline the tasks used in the MiniCog Rapid Assessment Battery. Each of the nine tasks in the battery relies on response times and error rates to assess a particular type of cognitive ability. Together these tasks provide a profile of the participant’s attention, working memory, reasoning and perceptual and motor control skills. Attention T...
The Vigilance task is aimed at assessing an individual’s ability to maintain concentration while waiting for a specific event to occur. During this task, the user is given a target stimulus and instructed to press a button whenever that stimulus appears amid other stimuli.
The Filtering task is a version of the classic Stroop task. The user is presented with a digit repeated on the Palm Pilot screen multiple times. Users are asked to respond according to how many times the digit appears on the screen (not to the meaning of the digit itself). To perform well on this task, the user must ignore, or filter out, the meani...
The Divided Attention task assesses an indivi-dual’s ability to focus on two unrelated features of stimuli at once. In this task, the user must attend to both the colors and shapes of stimuli. For example, the user might be asked to press one button if presented with a stimulus that is either black or a triangle (or both) and another button if the ...
The MRAB is designed to assess two types of working memory: verbal working memory and spatial working memory.
The Verbal Working Memory task assesses an individual’s ability to remember and manipulate verbal information. In this task, the user is presented with a sequence of digits, one at a time. For each digit, the user must determine whether the current digit is the same as one presented two digits earlier in the sequence.
The Spatial Working Memory task is designed to assess an individual’s ability to remember and manipulate spatial information. In this task, the user is presented with a sequence of digits appearing one at a time in various locations on the screen (the digit itself is otherwise unchan-ging). For each location, the user must determine whether the cur...
The MRAB contains three tasks designed to assess reasoning abilities.
The Cognitive Set Switching task assesses an individual’s ability to switch between different cognitive sets. On each trial of this task, the participant is presented with four letters. One of the letters differs from the other three in either its case or identity, and the user must identify which letter does not belong. The same criterion is used ...
The Three Term Reasoning task assesses an individual’s verbal reasoning skills. The user is presented with the first two terms (e.g., ‘‘Mary is not shorter than Katherine; Mary is not as tall as Anne’’) and asked to answer true or false to the third term, which is a question about the implica-tions of the first two terms (e.g., ‘‘True or False: Ann...
The Mental Rotation task assesses an indivi-dual’s spatial reasoning skills. In this task, the user is given a pair of stimuli, with one stimulus rotated relative to the other. The user is asked to determine whether the stimuli are identical or mirror images of each other. To perform this task, the user must be able to mentally rotate the images in...
Finally, the MRAB contains a task to assess an individual’s reaction time.
In the trials of the Perceptual/Motor Reaction Time task, a stimulus appears randomly above one of the four Palm Pilot buttons. The user is asked to press that button as quickly as possible.
Aug 29, 2013 · A commonly used definition of deception, which attempts to incorporate all forms of deception, is “a successful or unsuccessful deliberate attempt, without forewarning, to create in another a belief which the communicator considers to be untrue” (Vrij, 2000, p. 15). In spite of this common starting point, the ways in which deception is ...
People also ask
Are psychological operations and deception the same thing?
What is deception in research?
How does deception affect psychological research?
3-13, Information Operations: Doctrine, Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures— thoroughly address planning deception with respect to friendly planning, but little to the actual analysis of the deception target. While planning deception is a very important activity, all the planning is for not, if the deception planners do
