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  1. An understanding of second language acquisition can improve the ability of mainstream teachers to serve the culturally and linguistically diverse students in their classrooms. While significant professional development is necessary to gain a full understanding of second language acquisition theory, some key stages, theories and

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    • Insights from Colleagues
    • Review of The Literature
    • Methodology
    • Transformation of Teaching Roles
    • Instructional Supports
    • Responsive Teaching, Internalized Learning
    • Lessons Learned

    Two of my teaching colleagues, Taty and Jenny, had experienced firsthand what it was like to immigrate to the US as preschool-age children. Both were willing to share their experiences with me over the course of three individual interview sessions each. Taty migrated with her family to California from San Juan, Puerto Rico, just before entering kin...

    Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory served as the foundation for my study. Vygotsky (1978) stated that as children develop language (both first and additional languages), they use private speech to organize their actions. Private speech is self-directed and supports thinking; it is a precursor to the voice inside the mind (inner speech) that develops l...

    For this yearlong action research study, I worked closely with a small group of eight DLLs in my first-grade classroom who speak Spanish at home. On an English language assessment, each of these children qualified as emergentDLLs. My research was guided by the following question: How could I most effectively support the language development of emer...

    My instructional roles evolved throughout the school year because of my research. As the year progressed, my pedagogy as a competent listener developed (Rinaldi 2006), and I added new layers to my identity as a teacher. I felt myself becoming more flexible and multidimensional in my practices. Additionally, the way I thought about teaching and the ...

    When I interviewed the children about their learning, many of them referred to specific cues posted in the classroom that they used as learning tools. One day, after the children settled into their reading spots, I noticed that Niko had positioned himself on the floor right next to our “Reading Super Powers” anchor chart (inspired by Calkins et al....

    Through our standing weekly check-ins, the children realized that I valued their insights. I listened closely and used their feedback to incorporate more of the instructional supports that they found enjoyable, engaging, and helpful. In interviews, it was clear that all eight children participated in the process of building their identities as read...

    Language acquisition is a complex process and is experienced differently by every learner. All children bring to the classroom unique sets of cultural backgrounds that shape the way they feel about their school environment, learning, and interactions with their peers. Spending time thinking about Taty’s and Jenny’s experiences made it clear to me t...

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  3. Second-language acquisition assumes knowledge in a first language and encompasses the process an individual goes through as he or she learns the elements of a new language, such as vocabulary, phonological components, grammatical structures, and writing systems. The Six Stages of Second-Language Acquisition.

  4. Jul 11, 2018 · The purpose of this article is to identify essential themes in the field of applied linguistics, focusing more intensely on teaching and learning second languages in a classroom setting.

  5. Here we can firstly differentiate learning opportunities in terms of time of exposure to the language, and secondly distinguish between different kinds of learning, i.e., formal instruction vs. natural acquisition. Both of these variables will influence the route and rate of second language learning.

    • angelika.rieder@univie.ac.at
  6. Second language acquisition often happens when a child who speaks a language other than English goes to school for the first time. This brief looks at the best way to teach a second language and how speech professionals can help.

  7. The interactionist approach (Gass & Mackey, 2006), for example, explains that when language learners are engaged in meaningful communication in a second language, they are able to focus on meaning, negotiate to make input comprehensible, and try out new language forms as they produce language.