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Which Asian countries escaped colonization?
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- Kallie Szczepanski
- Japan. Faced with the threat of western encroachment, Tokugawa Japan reacted by completely revolutionizing its social and political structures in the Meiji Restoration of 1868.
- Siam (Thailand) Late in the nineteenth century, the Kingdom of Siam found itself in an uncomfortable position between the French imperial possessions of French Indochina (now Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) to the east, and British Burma (now Myanmar) to the west.
- The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) The Ottoman Empire was too large, powerful, and complex for any one European power to simply annex it outright. However, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the European powers peeled off its territories in northern Africa and southeast Europe by seizing them directly or by encouraging and supplying local independence movements.
- China. Like the Ottoman Empire, Qing China was too large for any single European power to simply grab. Instead, Britain and France got a foothold through trade, which they then expanded through the First and Second Opium Wars.
- Bhutan
- Iran
- Nepal
- China
- Japan
- Korea
- Afghanistan
- Ethiopia
- Saudi Arabia
- Thailand
Bhutan was formed as an independent nation after an uprising led to its separation from the Tibetan Empire around the year 1634. The British Empire had its eyes on Bhutanese territory, and the two states were involved in multiple conflicts over the next two hundred years. The last such conflict, known as the Duar War, ended with the British Empire ...
The British Empire never colonized Iranbut maintained control over many of its resources during different periods in history. After the Anglo-Persian war in 1857, Iran’s ruling Shah granted many concessions to the British Empire, including the rights to the cultivation and sale of all Persian tobacco. This concession was canceled after a mass prote...
During the early 1800s, Nepal and the British Empire were competing for territory and influence in the Indian Subcontinent. Eventually, Nepal’s ambition for expansion clashed with British economic interests, prompting the Anglo-Nepalese Warfollowing failed trade negotiations. The war ended with the British Empire controlling much of the Nepalese te...
China’s major confrontation with the British Empire came in the form of The Opium Wars. The British Empire was heavily reliant on Chinafor its tea and was able to balance its trade by exporting opium, which many Chinese merchants and citizens were addicted to. Eventually, the Chinese government banned the sale of opium due to the negative political...
Fearing the West’s continued expansion and colonization, the ruling Japanese government enacted the policy of Sakoku in 1633, isolating Japanfrom the rest of the world. Japanese nationals for banned from travel and foreign nationals were prevented from entering Japan. Trade with outside powers was severely limited in a bid to “protect” Japan’s sove...
Korea was never colonized by Europeans, but by Japan in 1910. Japan’s 35-year-old colonization of Korea was among the most short-lived as it was one of the last countries in the world to be colonized. Korea had a strong resistant movement within its borders, but the Japanese country was able to suppress it. Korea was liberated from colonization upo...
Afghanistan was never formally a colony under Western rule. However, it was the target of invasions by multiple countries over time, namely the UK, the USA, and Russia. The British Empire fought Afghanistan in the three Anglo-Afghan Wars to counter Russian influence in the region. The first Anglo-Afghan War ended in a disastrous and humiliating def...
By 1913, Europe had colonized over 90% of Africa, and Ethiopia remains one of the few countries in Africanot colonized by European powers. The British, however, did invade Ethiopia in response to the kidnapping of British missionaries by Emperor Tewodros II. Tewodros had written to the British Empire requesting military assistance to fight revoluti...
Saudi Arabiawas part of the Ottoman Empire for hundreds of years. In 1915, the British Empire signed the treaty of Darin with Abdulaziz Al Saud. The treaty established Saudi Arabia as a British protectorate, but not a colony. In return, the British aided Saudi Arabia and other Arab states in their cessation of the Ottoman Empire, and Saudi Arabia w...
Present-day Thailand was referred to as the Kingdom of Siam during the 19th century. The Kingdom was situated between British-ruled Burma and French-ruled Indochina (modern-day Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia) (now called Myanmar). In an effort to stop colonization, King Chulalongkorn of Siam sought to embrace a number of European traditions and develo...
The kingdom of Siam, now known as Thailand, managed to avoid becoming a colony of European powers through a combination of several factors.
Nov 17, 2017 · Formerly known as Siam, the Kingdom of Thailand was never a European colony, although it was sometimes under Chinese or Japanese influence. 5. Throughout the 19th century, both the French and the British tried to exert their influence over Thailand, ultimately unsuccessfully overall. 6.
Nov 6, 2014 · Thailand, as a result, is the only country in Southeast Asia that was never colonized by a European power.
Thailand was never officially colonized by a European country. Although the country had been a target of Britain and France, they had managed to escape their clutches. But that doesn’t mean Thailand got off clean. Drastic loss of territory and political and cultural changes. Was Thailand Colonized?
Jun 24, 2014 · Most of the areas under spheres of influence on this map were politically dominated by the British, who ruled through proxies: Afghanistan (which also endured Russian influence), Bhutan, and Nepal....
