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This module is designed to introduce the basic concepts of spectroscopy and to provide a survey of several of the most common types of spectroscopic measurement. You will conduct the following measurements. UV-VIS (ultraviolet-visible) spectroscopy of electronic states. Fluorescence spectroscopy of electronic states.
The first section offers introductions to five core spectroscopy techniques: • Raman spectroscopy • surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) • Infrared spectroscopy • Inductively coupled plasma–based techniques (ICP-OES and ICP-MS), and • laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS).
- What is spectroscopy?
- Goals:
- The immediate questions that we want to address are:
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- 2) Emission:
- Optical Rotation:
- What are the axes?
- How do your measure absorption spectra?
- Two types of spectrometers:
Studying the properties of matter through its interaction with different frequency components of the electromagnetic spectrum. Latin: “spectron”—ghost or spirit Greek: “ σκοπειν ”—to see With light, you aren’t looking directly at the molecule—the matter—but its “ghost.” You observe the light’s interaction with different degrees of freedom of ...
Understand how light interacts with matter and how you can use this to quantitatively understand your sample. Understand spectroscopy the way you understand other common tools of measurement like the watch or the ruler. See that spectroscopy is a set of tools that you can put together in different ways to understand systems → solve chemical p...
What does light do to sample? How do you produce a spectrum? What EXACTLY is a spectrum a measurement of?
sample detector We measure the absorption of light at different frequency or wavelength. ω/λ/ν (characteristic frequency/wavelength of light entering sample)
Excitation induces emission of light from the sample (usually of different frequency). (Emitted in all directions) λ in sample λ out detector Includes: Fluorescence (emission from excited electronic singlet states) Phosphorescence (emission from excited electronic triplet states) Raman Scattering (light scattering involving vibrational transition) ...
Change of phase of light incident on sample (rotation of polarization) Let’s work on describing absorption. A Let’s look at a typical absorption spectrum. ω/λ/E
X-axis: Characterizes the input light in terms of frequency-wavelength-energy Wavelength Frequency Energy
Measure the change of intensity of light at different frequencies as it passes through a sample.
Dispersive Fourier transform Dispersive spectrometer: Separate different frequency components
Spectroscopy/spectrometry is often used in physical and analytical chemistry for the identification of substances through the spectrum emitted from or absorbed by them. Spectroscopy/spectrometry is also heavily used in astronomy and remote sensing.
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What is spectroscopy? Seeing is spectroscopy: we perceive the world via the interaction of visible light with the light receptors in our eyes. The light is emitted from the sun or from other light sources. It is then reflected from (or transmitted through) the objects in our surroundings.
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• Define spectroscopy, spectra, and spectrometer. • Outline the development of spectroscopy as a science. • Distinguish between emission and absorption spectra. • Distinguish between line and band spectra.
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Module 1: Fundamentals of Spectroscopy. Description: This file contains information regarding module 1 background.