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Deaths. Inventions, discoveries, introductions. Sovereign states. References. 18th century BC. The 18th century BC was the century that lasted from 1800 BC to 1701 BC. Events. An inscription of the Code of Hammurabi, one of the earliest known sets of laws. 1800 BC: Beginning of the Nordic Bronze Age in the period system devised by Oscar Montelius.
The arrival of Europeans began around the mid-18th century, as fur traders entered the area to harvest sea otters. While it is thought Sir Francis Drake may have explored the British Columbian coast in 1579, it was Juan Pérez who completed the first documented voyage, which took place in 1774.
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- Pre-Babylonian Sumero-Akkadian Period
- First Babylonian Dynasty – Amorite Dynasty, 1894–1595 BC
- Kassite Dynasty, 1595–1155 BC
- Early Iron Age – Native Rule, Second Dynasty of Isin, 1155–1026 BC
- Period of Chaos, 1026–911 BC
- Assyrian Rule, 911–619 BC
- Neo-Babylonian Empire
- Fall of Babylon
Mesopotamia had already enjoyed a long history before the emergence of Babylon, with Sumerian civilization emerging in the region c.5400 BC, and the Akkadian-speakers who would go on to form Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia appearing somewhere between the 35th and 30th century BC. During the 3rd millennium BC, an intimate cultural symbiosis occurred be...
Around 1894 BC, an Amorite chieftain named Sumu-abum appropriated a tract of land which included the then relatively small city of Babylon from the neighbouring minor city-state of Kazallu, of which it had initially been a territory, turning his newly acquired lands into a state in its own right. His reign was concerned with establishing statehood ...
The Kassite dynasty was founded by Gandash of Mari. The Kassites, like the Amorite rulers who had preceded them, were not originally native to Mesopotamia. Rather, they had first appeared in the Zagros Mountainsof what is today northwestern Iran. The ethnic affiliation of the Kassites is unclear. Still, their language was not Semitic or Indo-Europe...
The Elamites did not remain in control of Babylonia long, instead entering into an ultimately unsuccessful war with Assyria, allowing Marduk-kabit-ahheshu (1155–1139 BC) to establish the Dynasty IV of Babylon, from Isin, with the very first native Akkadian-speaking south Mesopotamian dynasty to rule Babylonia, with Marduk-kabit-ahheshu becoming onl...
The ruling Babylonian dynasty of Nabu-shum-liburwas deposed by marauding Arameans in 1026 BC, and the heart of Babylonia, including the capital city itself descended into anarchic state, and no king was to rule Babylon for over 20 years. However, in southern Mesopotamia (a region corresponding with the old Dynasty of the Sealand), Dynasty V (1025–1...
Babylonia remained in a state of chaos as the 10th century BC drew to a close. A further migration of nomads from the Levant occurred in the early 9th century BC with the arrival of the Chaldeans, another nomadic Northwest Semitic-speaking people described in Assyrian annals as the "Kaldu". The Chaldeans settled in the far southeast of Babylonia, j...
In 620 BC Nabopolassar seized control over much of Babylonia with the support of most of the inhabitants, with only the city of Nippur and some northern regions showing any loyalty to the beleaguered Assyrian king. Nabopolassar was unable to utterly secure Babylonia, and for the next four years he was forced to contend with an occupying Assyrian ar...
Babylonia was absorbed into the Achaemenid Empire in 539 BC, becoming the satrapy of Babirush (Old Persian: 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽 Bābiruš). A year before Cyrus' death, in 529 BC, he elevated his son Cambyses II in the government, making him king of Babylon, while he reserved for himself the fuller title of "king of the (other) provinces" of the empire. It was...
Beginning. Events. Significant persons. Deaths. Inventions, discoveries, introductions. References. 18th century BC. The 18th century BCE was the century which lasted from 1800 BCE to 1701 BCE. Events. An inscription of the Code of Hammurabi, one of the earliest known sets of laws. 1800 BCE: Iron Age in India [1]
By the 18th century BC the city was the centre of the empire of Hammurabi. Various empires controlled Babylon over the following centuries.
In the east the Iranian tribes, led by the Medes, were pouring into Iran from Turkistan. From the south and west came the Aramaeans. The Aramaeans and Medes were to transform the ancient Middle East. The Assyrian state suffered an eclipse in the 11th century bce, when the Aramaeans and related tribes occupied most of its territory.
The New Kingdom (c. 1539–1075 bce) The 18th dynasty (c. 1539–1292 bce) Ahmose. Although Ahmose (ruled c. 1539–14 bce) had been preceded by Kamose, who was either his father or his brother, Egyptian tradition regarded Ahmose as the founder of a new dynasty because he was the native ruler who reunified Egypt.
