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Aug 8, 2023 · Rickettsia prowazekii is an obligate, intracellular, gram-negative coccobacillus belonging to the genus Rickettsia. It is the causative agent of epidemic typhus which is transmitted by the human body louse.
- Epidemic/Louse-Borne Typhus
- Endemic Typhus
- Scrub Typhus
This type is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii and carried by the body louse, and possibly by ticks as well. It can be found around the world, including in the United States, but is typically found in areas of high population and poor sanitation, where conditions promote lice infestation.
Alternatively known as murine typhus, this type is caused by Rickettsia typhi and is carried by the rat flea or cat flea. Endemic typhus can be found worldwide. It may be found among people in close contact with rats. It isn’t commonly found in the United States, but caseshave been reported in some areas, primarily Texas and southern California. Is...
This type is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushiand carried by mites in their larval stage when they are chiggers. This type of typhus is more commonly found in Asia, Australia, Papua New Guinea, and the Pacific Islands. It’s also called tsutsugamushi disease. The louse, flea, tick, or mite becomes a carrier of the bacteria when they feed on the blood...
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Jul 17, 2023 · Murine Typhus (Endemic) Found mostly in tropical and subtropical climates, endemic typhus is spread through fleas found on rodents. The specific bacteria responsible for the infection is called Rickettsia typhi. The bacteria depend entirely on rodents for its complete lifecycle and thus rely heavily on those populations to thrive.
- Angelica Bottaro
Symptoms and Signs of Epidemic Typhus. After an incubation period of 7 to 14 days, fever, headache, and prostration suddenly occur. Temperature reaches 40° C in several days and remains high, with slight morning remission, for about 2 weeks. Headache is generalized and intense.
Rickettsia prowazekii is a species of gram-negative, alphaproteobacteria, obligate intracellular parasitic, aerobic bacillus bacteria that is the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, transmitted in the feces of lice. In North America, the main reservoir for R. prowazekii is the flying squirrel.
Clinical Manifestations. Most cases of epidemic typhus occur during the cold months, when heavy clothing and poor sanitary conditions allow infestation by body lice. Incubation period of the disease is usually 1 to 2 weeks, but can be shorter in severe forms of the disease.
