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  2. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 (14 Stat. 27–30, enacted April 9, 1866, reenacted 1870) was the first United States federal law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are equally protected by the law.

  3. Learn about the first federal civil rights bill in U.S. history, passed after the Thirteenth Amendment and overriding President Johnson's veto. Read the full text of the act that granted citizenship and equal rights to African Americans and authorized federal courts to enforce them.

  4. Oct 4, 2022 · Learn how the Civil Rights Act of 1866 defined U.S. citizenship and affirmed equal protection under the law for all races and colors. Find out how the Act succeeded and failed in advancing racial equality during the Reconstruction era.

    • Robert Longley
  5. Oct 3, 2023 · Learn about the legislation that validated the citizenship of former slaves and guaranteed their civil rights after the Civil War. Find out how it was enacted, enforced, and amended by the Fourteenth Amendment.

    • Harry Searles
  6. Apr 8, 2021 · Learn how the Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the first attempt to protect the rights of African Americans after the Civil War. Explore the context, challenges, and consequences of this landmark legislation that defined citizenship and federal power.

  7. The Civil Rights Act of 1866 was the nation's first civil rights law. Background. Under President Andrew Johnson's (D) Reconstruction policy, the former Confederate states were required to maintain abolition, swear loyalty to the United States, and pay their war debts in order to rejoin the Union.

  8. Read the original text of the act that granted citizenship to former slaves and protected their rights under the law. The act also established federal jurisdiction and enforcement mechanisms to punish violations of civil rights.

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