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- We propose that reservoirs can only be understood with reference to defined target populations. Therefore, we define a reservoir as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population.
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- Reservoir. The reservoir of an infectious agent is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies. Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment.
- Portal of exit. Portal of exit is the path by which a pathogen leaves its host. The portal of exit usually corresponds to the site where the pathogen is localized.
- Modes of transmission. An infectious agent may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host in different ways. There are different classifications for modes of transmission.
- Portal of entry. The portal of entry refers to the manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host. The portal of entry must provide access to tissues in which the pathogen can multiply or a toxin can act.
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We propose that a reservoir be defined as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the defined target population. Populations in a reservoir may be the same or a different species as the target and may include vector species.
- Daniel T. Haydon, Sarah Cleaveland, Louise H. Taylor, M. Karen Laurenson
- 10.3201/eid0812.010317
- 2002
- Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Dec; 8(12): 1468-1473.
Sep 6, 2017 · A conceptual framework for understanding a reservoir of infection has been established through various studies that have emphasized different aspects of zoonotic diseases. 1, 2, 3, 4 However, empirical characterization of reservoirs often remains controversial and challenging.
- Luisa K Hallmaier-Wacker, Vincent J Munster, Sascha Knauf
- 10.1038/emi.2017.65
- 2017
- Emerg Microbes Infect. 2017 Sep; 6(9): e79.
Jan 15, 2019 · The most applicable and accepted way to investigate and define a reservoir emphasizes the annotation of a target group (Figure 1), which is an explicitly defined population of interest in a dynamic and heterogeneous landscape (for example, humans at the livestock–wildlife–human interface).
- Luisa K Hallmaier-Wacker, Vincent J Munster, Sascha Knauf
- 2017
Jan 1, 2003 · Therefore, we define a reservoir as one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which the pathogen can be permanently maintained and from...
Jul 28, 2009 · According to this definition, epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to control of health problems (Last 2001).
www.sciencedirect.com · science · articleAssembling evidence for identifying reservoirs of infection
May 1, 2014 · A ‘reservoir of infection’ is defined with respect to a target population as ‘one or more epidemiologically connected populations or environments in which a pathogen can be permanently maintained and from which infection is transmitted to the target population’ [5].
