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What are marine microorganisms?
What is a marine microbe?
How many microorganisms are in the ocean?
How do marine microbes survive in the oceans?
The term “marine microbe” covers a diversity of microorganisms, including Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota, and viruses. These organisms are exceedingly small—only 1/8000th the volume of a human cell and spanning about 1/100th the diameter of a human hair. Up to a million of them live in just one milliliter of seawater.
Marine microorganisms are defined by their habitat as microorganisms living in a marine environment, that is, in the saltwater of a sea or ocean or the brackish water of a coastal estuary. A microorganism (or microbe) is any microscopic living organism or virus, which is invisibly small to the unaided human eye without magnification ...
Marine animals share the sea with a vast diversity of microorganisms, including protists, bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses which comprise millions of cells in each milliliter of the 1.3 billion km 3 of water comprising the oceans ( Eakins and Sharman, 2010 ).
It is now known that microorganisms live in every corner of the oceans. Their habitats are diverse and include open water, sediment, bodies of marine macro- and microorganisms, estuaries, and hydrothermal vents.
The oceans are dominated by microbial ecosystems. Microscopic organisms represent more than 90% of biomass in the oceans, including the majority of the primary producers – photosynthetic organisms – that form the base of ocean food webs.
1.2.3 Microorganisms in the Ocean. Bacteria have been around for almost 4 billion years and probably evolved in the ocean. Marine microorganisms comprise all three domains of life: bacteria, archaea, and eukarya, as well as the viruses as another important biological entity.
