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- The past two decades has witnessed the development of a new phenomenon: a small but growing globally dispersed population of North Koreans, individuals who have left North Korea since the end of the Cold War and whose identity is at least partially distinct from previous generations of emigrants from the Korean peninsula.
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Is there a name for the Korean diaspora?
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Why did emigrants leave South Korea and North Korea?
In North Korea, Korean nationals living outside Korea are called haeoe gungmin (해외국민), whereas South Korea uses the term jaeoe gungmin (재외국민) to refer to entire Korean diaspora. Both terms translate to "overseas national(s)".
Further driven by the crisis, some 80,000 North Koreans illegally moved to neighboring China, while some 26,000 managed to arrive in South Korea. In total, the present diaspora of North Korea probably consists of some 150,000 to 160,000 people, including mostly overseas laborers and refugees.
The division of the Korean peninsula and subsequent contestation over migrant citizen-ship and asylum eligibility have generated a T-shaped diaspora, deeply concen-trated in South Korea but with a thin, global distribution of diaspora members anchored in other countries.
The past two decades has witnessed the development of a new phenomenon: a small but growing globally dispersed population of North Koreans, individuals who have left North Korea since the end of the Cold War and whose identity is at least partially distinct from previous generations of emigrants from the Korean peninsula.
Documented Korean immigration to Latin America began in the 1950s; North Korean prisoners of war migrated to Chile in 1953 and Argentina in 1956 under the auspices of the International Red Cross. The majority of Korean settlement occurred in the late 1960s.
Sep 1, 2023 · This Element provides new empirical evidence on the North Korean diaspora; demonstrates that regime type is an important, understudied factor shaping transnational and diasporic politics; and contributes to our understanding of comparative authoritarianism's global impact.
Repatriation of compatriots in the Republic of Korea, as a type of international migration, has its specific characteristics because there is another country—North Korea—which was also involved in cross-border population movements.
