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Jordan is a semi-arid country, covering an area of 89,342 km 2 (34,495 sq mi), with a population of 11.5 million, making it the eleventh-most populous Arab country. The dominant majority, or around 95% of the country's population, is Sunni Muslim, with the rest being mostly Arab Christian.
- Abdullah II
Abdullah II bin Al-Hussein [a] (born 30 January 1962) is...
- The Royal Anthem of Jordan
The Royal Anthem of Jordan [a] is the national anthem of...
- History of Jordan
The history of Jordan refers to the history of the Hashemite...
- Islam
Islam (/ ˈ ɪ z l ɑː m, ˈ ɪ z l æ m / IZ-la(h)m; [7] Arabic:...
- Abdullah I
Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein (Arabic: عبد الله الأول بن الحسين,...
- Chechen
Chechen (/ ˈ tʃ ɛ tʃ ɛ n / CHETCH-en, [4] / tʃ ə ˈ tʃ ɛ n /...
- House of Representatives
The House of Representatives of Jordan is the elected lower...
- Prime Minister
The prime minister of Jordan is the head of government of...
- Jordanian Dinar
The Jordanian dinar (Arabic: دينار أردني ; code: JOD;...
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- Abdullah II
Air Jordan is a line of basketball shoes produced by Nike, Inc. Related apparel and accessories are marketed under Jordan Brand. The first Air Jordan shoe was produced for basketball player Michael Jordan during his time with the Chicago Bulls on November 17, 1984 and released to the public on April 1, 1985.
ModelYearNotesAir Jordan XXXVIII2023The Air Jordan XXXVIII contains a Cushlon ...Air Jordan XXXVII2022The Air Jordan XXXVII was released on ...Air Jordan XXXVI2021The Air Jordan XXXVI was first teased by ...Air Jordan XXXV2020The Air Jordan XXXV debuted in the Fall ...Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials MJ, [ 9 ] is an American businessman and former professional basketball player. He played 15 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) between 1984 and 2003, winning six NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls.
- Stone Age
- Chalcolithic
- Bronze Age
- Iron Age
- Classical Period
- Middle Ages
- Ottoman Rule
- Emirate of Transjordan
- Kingdom of Transjordan/Jordan
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Evidence of human activity in Jordan dates back to the Paleolithicperiod. While there is no architectural evidence from this era, archaeologists have found tools, such as flint and basalt hand-axes, knives and scraping implements. In the Neolithic period (8500–4500 BC) three major shifts occurred. First, people became sedentary, living in small vil...
During the Chalcolithic period (4500–3200 BC), copper began to be smelted and used to make axes, arrowheads and hooks. The cultivation of barley, dates, olives and lentils, and the domestication of sheep and goats, rather than hunting, predominated. The lifestyle in the desert was probably very similar to that of modern Bedouins. Tuleitat Ghassul i...
Many of the villages built during the Early Bronze Age (3200–1950 BC) included simple water infrastructures, as well as defensive fortifications probably designed to protect against raids by neighboring nomadic tribes. At Bab al-Dhra in Wadi `Araba, archaeologists discovered more than 20,000 shaft tombs with multiple chambers as well as houses of m...
During the Iron Age (1200–332 BC), Transjordan was home to the Kingdoms of Ammon, Edom and Moab. The peoples of these kingdoms spoke Semitic languages of the Canaanite group; their polities are considered[by whom?] to be tribal kingdoms rather than states. Ammon was located in the Amman plateau, and its capital was Rabbath Ammon; Moab was located i...
Alexander the Great's conquest of the Persian Empire in 332 BC introduced Hellenistic culture to the Middle East. After Alexander's death in 323 BC, the empire split among his generals, and in the end much of Transjordan was disputed between the Ptolemies based in Egypt and the Seleucids based in Syria. By the late Hellenistic period, the area had ...
In the early 7th century, the area of modern Jordan became integrated into the new Arab-Islamic Umayyad Empire (the first Muslim dynasty), which ruled much of the Middle East from 661 until 750 CE. At the time, Amman, today the capital of the Kingdom of Jordan, became a major town in "Jund Dimashq" (the military district of Damascus, itself a subse...
Early Ottoman Period
The levant, which has been in Mamluk control since 1250 and specifically the Burji dynasty since 1382 was lost to the Ottomans after their victory in the Battle of Marj Dabiq that ended with the killing of the ruling Qansuh al-Ghuri in August 1516. Initially, the Ottomans didn't interfere much east of the Jordan river, but the increased trade activity passing through Jordan and their new responsibilities towards the Hajj soon caused the establishment of a Government in Al-Karak and a Garrison...
Arrival of the Bani Sakher and the Adwan
Around the end of the 16th century, a portion of the ancient tribes of Bani Sakher and of the Suwiet clan of the Bani Dhafir, both descendants of Tayy, were heading northwards, with the Sakherites migrating from their ancestral home of Al Ula and the Dhafirites leaving from Medina. Enmity between the two migrating tribes would soon begin as they collided in battle in Southern Jordan which resulted in a decisive victory for the Bani Sakher. The Dhafir's would flee to Al Azraq where the Bani Sa...
Al-Majali of Al-Karak
Around the year 1565, the Tamimi tribe, well established in Al-Karak at the time, raised a rebellion which proved too costly to send a regular force to quench. Lala Mustafa Pasha, Wali of Damascus at the time, asked for Yusuf Al-Nimer of Nablus's aide. Al-Nimer marched on Al-Karak with his forces and captured Al-Karak, fleeing the Tamimi to their relatives in Hebron, the Al-Tamimi who left Al-Karak were now nicknamed Al-Majali and it became their family name. He left behind some of the forces...
After four centuries of stagnant and many times nominal Ottoman rule (1516–1918), Turkish control over Transjordan came to an end during World War I when the Hashemite Army of the Great Arab Revolt, took over and secured present-day Jordan with the help and support of the region's local Bedouin tribes, Circassians, and Christians. The revolt was la...
Establishment
On 17 January 1946 the British Foreign Secretary, Ernest Bevin, announced in a speech at the General Assembly of the United Nations that the British Government intended to take steps in the near future to establish Transjordan as a fully independent and sovereign state. The Treaty of London was signed by the British Government and the Emir of Transjordan on 22 March 1946 as a mechanism to recognise the full independence of Transjordan upon ratification by both countries' parliaments. Transjor...
1948 War and annexation of the West Bank
Transjordan was one of the Arab states opposed to the partition of Palestine and creation of Israel in May 1948. It participated in the war between the Arab states and the newly founded State of Israel. Thousands of Palestinians fled the Arab-Israeli fighting to the West Bank and Jordan. The Armistice Agreements of 3 April 1949 left Jordan in control of the West Bank and provided that the armistice demarcation lines were without prejudice to future territorial settlements or boundary lines. T...
Reign of King Hussein
King Abdullah's eldest son, Talal of Jordan, was proclaimed king in 1951, but he was declared mentally unfit to rule and deposed in 1952. His son, Hussein Ibn Talal, became king on his eighteenth birthday, in 1953. The 1950s have been labelled as a time of "Jordan's Experiment with Liberalism". Freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of association were guaranteed in the newly written constitution as with the already firmly established freedom of religion doctrine. Jordan had one...
Al Sarhan, Atallah. "United States' Foreign Policy toward the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan: 1990–2014." (2016). onlineAlon, Yoav. The Shaykh of Shaykhs: Mithqal Al-Fayiz and Tribal Leadership in Modern Jordan(Stanford University Press, 2016).Ashton, Nigel. King Hussein of Jordan: A Political Life (Yale University Press; 2008) excerptBradshaw, Tancred. Britain and Jordan: imperial strategy, King Abdullah I and the Zionist movement(Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012).Geography of Jordan. Coordinates: 31°00′N 36°00′E. A map of Jordan. Jordan is situated geographically in West Asia, south of Syria, west of Iraq, northwest of Saudi Arabia, east of Israel and the Palestinian territory of the West Bank. The area is also referred to as the Middle or Near East.
Jordan (officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) is an Arab country in southwest Asia, in the Middle East, in the southern part of the Levant region, and the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula.
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Jordanians (Arabic: أردنيون) are the citizens of Jordan. Around 94% of Jordanians are Arabs, while the remaining 6% belong to ethnic minorities, including Circassians, Chechens, Armenians and Kurds. [2][3] In early 2016 about 30% of the population were non-citizens, a figure including refugees, legal and illegal immigrants. [4] .
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