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14 min read. At only ten years of age, Richard II assumed the crown, becoming King of England in June 1377 until his untimely and catastrophic demise in 1399. Born in January 1367 in Bordeaux, Richard was the son of Edward, Prince of Wales, more commonly known as the Black Prince. His father’s successful military escapades during the Hundred ...
- Peasants' Revolt
Richard II meeting with the rebels of the Peasants’ Revolt...
- Black Death
The feudal system – brought into existence nearly 300 years...
- Peasants' Revolt
- Family & Succession
- Peasants' Revolt
- The Merciless Parliament
- Patron of The Arts
- Ireland & France
- The Return of Bolingbroke
- Death & Successor
Edward of Woodstock, better known as the Black Prince after his distinctive armour or martial reputation, was the eldest son of Edward III of England. Made the Prince of Wales in 1343 CE and one of the greatest of all medieval knights, Edward would not, however, become king. The Black Prince died, probably of dysentery, on 8 June 1376 CE and so Par...
The so-called Peasants' Revolt of June 1381 CE was the most infamous popular uprising of the Middle Ages. The trouble started when a group of yeomen from Kent and Essex, fed up with the problem caused by the Black Death plague and, above all, the never-ending taxes which, since 1377 CE, included poll taxes of three groats (one shilling) aimed at ev...
Richard II may have won accolades for his success in putting down the Peasants' Revolt but any hopes that England had found itself a fine king, true and just, were soon dashed. The young monarch was wilful and hot-tempered, and he turned out to be rather too confident in his divine right to rule, making him intolerant of any views that conflicted w...
Richard, who reached maturity in 1389 CE, wisely opted for a low political profile and retreated into the arts by appointing his own circle of similarly-minded friends at court. The king may have resisted the temptation to persecute those who had earlier been against him but one thing which he could not desist from was his continuing love of pomp a...
In 1394 CE Richard led an army to Ireland, a very rare deed for an English king, but the campaign was inconclusive. 80 Irish chiefs did pay homage to the king, and English claims to lands there were recognised. Relations improved with France on 12 March 1396 CE, though, when the king married Isabella of France, the daughter of Charles VI of France ...
In 1397 CE, perhaps feeling more secure on his throne and giving vent to the taste for vengeance so many medieval monarchs enjoyed, Richard, at last, began to plot against those who had betrayed him ten years before. The king had the Lords Appellants, including Bolingbroke, arrested and either exiled or executed; their estates becoming useful gifts...
On 30 September Parliament officially nominated Henry Bolingbroke as Richard's successor. Richard was moved to his final place of confinement, Pontefract Castle in Yorkshire, in September 1399 CE, and there he died on 14 February 1400 CE. A failed uprising by Richard's supporters only sealed the ex-king's fate; he could not be allowed to live. Rich...
- Mark Cartwright
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Whatever the case, Parliament met on 1st October 1399. 33 articles of deposition were read against the king, they were passed unanimously, and Richard II was deposed. On 13th October, Henry Bolingbroke became Henry IV, establishing the House of Lancaster as the kings of England.
Plantagenet king of England. He began his reign with promise, quelling the Peasants' Revolt. However, he grew arbitrary and ruthless in his exercise of power, clashing with Parliament and the lords appellant and exiling his cousin Henry Bolingbroke (the future Henry IV). Bolingbroke invaded England and deposed, imprisoned and murdered Richard.
Edward [II] was deposed from his pristine dignity, never more to reign nor to govern the people of England; and he added that all. . . , both laity and clergy, unanimously agreed that my lord Edward, his first-born son, should suc-ceed. " Edward III's accession was proclaimed in London on January 24, and his reign was dated from the 25th.
Richard II (1377–99) Richard II. (1377–99) Richard II’s reign was fraught with crises—economic, social, political, and constitutional. He was 10 years old when his grandfather died, and the first problem the country faced was having to deal with his minority. A “continual council” was set up to “govern the king and his kingdom.”.
Name: King Richard II. Born: January 6, 1367 at Bordeaux, France. Parents: Edward, the Black Prince, and Joan of Kent. Relation to Charles III: 17th great-granduncle. House of: Plantagenet. Ascended to the throne: June 22, 1377 aged 10 years. Crowned: July 16, 1377 at Westminster Abbey. Married: (1) Anne of Bohemia, (2) Isabella, nine year old ...
