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  1. The Confederate States of America ( CSA ), commonly referred to as the Confederate States ( C.S. ), the Confederacy, or the South, was an unrecognized breakaway [1] republic in the Southern United States that existed from February 8, 1861, to May 9, 1865. [8] The Confederacy comprised eleven U.S. states that declared secession and warred ...

  2. Map of the Confederate States with names and borders of states A Confederate state was a U.S. state that declared secession and joined the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. The Confederacy recognized them as constituent entities that shared their sovereignty with the Confederate government. Confederates were recognized as citizens of both the federal republic and of ...

    State
    State
    Date (admitted Or Ratified)
    1
    March 13, 1861 [4] (ratified)
    2
    March 16, 1861 [5] (ratified)
    3
    March 21, 1861 [6] (ratified)
    4
    March 23, 1861 [7] (ratified)
  3. The states in dark green were the Confederate States of America and light green shows territory that was claimed, but never under effective control. The Confederate States of America (CSA) was a short-lived government that existed in the southern United States during the American Civil War. It was established (made) in 1861 by seven southern ...

    • Confederate
  4. The Confederate States of America (CSA), commonly referred to as the Confederate States (C.S.), the Confederacy, or the South, was an unrecognized breakaway republic in the Southern United States that existed from February 8, 1861, to May 9, 1865. The Confederacy comprised eleven U.S. states that declared secession and warred against the United States during the American Civil War. The states ...

    • Government and Politics
    • Confederate Flags
    • Geography
    • Economy
    • Armed Forces
    • Referencesisbn Links Support Nwe Through Referral Fees

    Constitution

    The Confederate States Constitution provides much insight into the motivations for secession from the Union. Based to a certain extent on both the Articles of Confederation and on the United States Constitution, it reflected a stronger philosophy of states' rights, curtailing the power of the central authority, and also contained explicit protection of the institution of slavery, though international slave trading was prohibited. It differed from the U.S. Constitution chiefly by addressing th...

    Civil liberties

    The Confederacy actively used the military to arrest people suspected of loyalty to the United States. They arrested at about the same rate as the Union. Neely found 2,700 names of men arrested and estimated the full list was much longer. Neely concludes, "The Confederate citizen was not any freer than the Union citizen—and perhaps no less likely to be arrested by military authorities. In fact, the Confederate citizen may have been in some ways less free than his Northern counterpart. For exa...

    Capital

    The capital of the Confederate States of America was Montgomery, Alabama from February 4, 1861 until May 29, 1861. Richmond, Virginia was named the new capital on May 6, 1861. Shortly before the end of the war, the Confederate government evacuated Richmond, planning to relocate further south. Little came of these plans before Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Danville, Virginia served as the last capital of the Confederate States of America, from April 3 to April 10, 1865.

    The official flag of the Confederate States of America, and the one actually called the "Stars and Bars," has seven stars, for the seven states that initially formed the Confederacy. This flag was sometimes hard to distinguish from the Union flag under battle conditions, so the Confederate battle flag, the "Southern Cross," became the one more comm...

    The Confederate States of America had a total of 2,919 miles (4,698 kilometers) of coastline. A large portion of its territory lay on the sea coast, and with level and sandy ground. The interior portions were hilly and mountainous and the far western territories were deserts. The lower reaches of the Mississippi River bisected the country, with the...

    The Confederacy had an agrarian-based economy that relied heavily on slave-run plantations with exports to a world market of cotton, and to a lesser extent tobacco and sugar cane. Local food production included grains, hogs, cattle, and gardens. The eleven states produced only $155 million in manufactured goods in 1860, chiefly from local grist mil...

    The military armed forces of the Confederacy comprised the following three branches: 1. Confederate States Army 2. Confederate States Navy 3. Confederate States Marine Corps The Confederate military leadership included many veterans from the United States Army and U.S. Navy who had resigned their Federal commissions and had been appointed to senior...

    Rable, George C. The Confederate Republic: A Revolution against Politics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994. ISBN 978-0807821442
    Roland, Charles Pierce. The improbable era: the South since World War II. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky 1975. ISBN 978-0813113357
    Thomas, Emory M. Confederate Nation: 1861-1865. New York: Harper & Row, 1979. ISBN 978-0060142520
    Wakelyn, Jon L. Biographical Dictionary of the Confederacy. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 1977. ISBN 978-0837161242
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  6. The Confederate States of America (CSA) was a short-lived government that existed in the southern United States during the American Civil War. It was established (made) in 1861 by seven southern states in which slavery was legal, after Abraham Lincoln was elected president of the U.S., but before he took office. South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas ...

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