Pont de pierre (Bordeaux)
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Bordeaux (/ b ɔːr ˈ d oʊ / bor-DOH; French: ⓘ; Gascon Occitan: Bordèu [buɾˈðɛw]; Basque: Bordele) is a city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, southwestern France. A port city, it is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture of the Gironde department.
- Bordeaux Wine
Bordeaux wine (Occitan: vin de Bordèu; French: vin de...
- Gironde
Gironde (/ ʒ ɪ ˈ r ɒ n d / zhi-ROND, [3] US usually / dʒ ɪ...
- Pierre Hurmic
Pierre Hurmic (born 10 April 1955 in Saint-Palais,...
- Bordeaux Wine Regions
The wine regions of Bordeaux in France are a large number of...
- Bordeaux Wine
Bordeaux est une destination touristique internationale pour son patrimoine architectural et culturel d'exception regroupant plus de 400 monuments historiques, faisant de Bordeaux, après Paris, la ville qui détient le plus de monuments classés ou inscrits aux monuments historiques en France.
- History
- Climate and Geography
- Grapes
- Viticulture and Winemaking
- Wine Styles
- Wine Classification
- Wine Label
- "Claret" Term
- Commercial Aspects
Viticulture was introduced into the Bordeaux region by the Romans, probably in the mid-1st century CE,to provide wine for local consumption, and wine production has been continuous in the region since then.[need quotation to verify] During the 12th century, the popularity of Bordeaux wines in England increased dramatically following the marriage in...
The major reason for the success of winemaking in the Bordeaux region is the excellent environment for growing vines. The geological foundation of the region is limestone, leading to a soil structure that is heavy in calcium. The Gironde estuary dominates the regions along with its tributaries, the Garonne and the Dordogne rivers, and together irri...
Reds
Red Bordeaux is generally made from a blend of grapes. Permitted grapes are Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Malbec and Carménère. Today Carménère is rarely used, with Château Clerc Milon, a fifth growth Bordeaux, being one of the few to still retain Carménère vines. As of July 2019, Bordeaux wineries authorized the use of four new red grapes to combat effects of climate change on viticulture in Bordeaux, though only for those wines designated as Bordeaux or Bordeaux...
Whites
White Bordeaux is predominantly, and exclusively in the case of the sweet Sauternes, made from Sémillon, Sauvignon blanc and Muscadelle. Typical blends are 80% Sémillon and 20% Sauvignon blanc. As with the reds, white Bordeaux wines are usually blends, most commonly of Sémillon and a smaller proportion of Sauvignon blanc. Other permitted grape varieties are Sauvignon gris, Ugni blanc, Colombard, Merlot blanc, Ondenc and Mauzac. Recently permitted by Bordeaux wineries, three new white grapes h...
Viticulture
The red grapes in the Bordeaux vineyard are Merlot (62% by area), Cabernet Sauvignon (25%), Cabernet Franc (12%) and a small amount of Petit Verdot, Malbec and Carménère (1% in total). The white grapes are Sémillon (54% by area), Sauvignon blanc (36%), Muscadelle (7%) and a small amount of Ugni blanc, Colombard and Folle blanche (3% in total). Because of the generally humid Bordeaux climate, a variety of pests can cause a problem for the vigneron. In the past, this was counteracted by the wid...
Winemaking
Following harvest, the grapes are usually sorted and destemmed before crushing. Crushing was traditionally done by foot, but mechanical crushing is now almost universally used. Chaptalization is permitted, and is fairly common-place. Fermentation then takes place, usually in temperature controlled stainless steel vats. Next the must is pressed and transferred to barriques (in most cases) for a period of ageing (commonly a year). The traditional Bordeaux barrique is a 225-litre oak barrel. At...
The Bordeaux wine region is divided into subregions including Saint-Émilion, Pomerol, Médoc, and Graves. The 60 Bordeaux appellations and the wine styles they represent are usually categorized into six main families, four red based on the subregions and two white based on sweetness: 1. Red Bordeaux and Red Bordeaux Supérieur. Bordeaux winemakers ma...
There are four different classifications of Bordeaux, covering different parts of the region: 1. The Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855, covering (with one exception) red wines of Médoc, and sweet wines of Sauternes-Barsac. 2. The 1955 Official Classification of St.-Émilion, which is updated approximately once every ten years. 3. The 195...
Bordeaux wine labelsgenerally include: 1. The name of the estate (Image example: Château L'Angelus) 2. The estate's classification (Image example: Grand Cru Classé) This can be in reference to the 1855 Bordeaux classification or one of the Cru Bourgeois. 3. The appellation (Image example: Saint-Émilion) Appellation d'origine contrôlée laws dictate ...
Claret (/ˈklærɪt/ KLARR-it) is a name primarily used in British English for red Bordeaux wine. Claret derives from the French clairet, now a rare dark rosé, which was the most common wine exported from Bordeaux until the 18th century. The name was anglicised to "claret" as a result of its widespread consumption in England during the period in the 1...
Many of the top Bordeaux wines are primarily sold by receiving the related payment in advance, the so-called selling en primeur. Because of the combination of longevity, fairly large production, and an established reputation, Bordeaux wines tend to be the most common wines at wine auctions. Market reports released in February 2009 showed that the m...
Bordeaux is a city in the Gironde department of France. It is on the Garonne River near the Atlantic Ocean. About 1,150,000 people live in the area around the city. Bordeaux has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb in the Koeppen climate classification). It is famous for wines made in the region near the city.
The wine regions of Bordeaux in France are a large number of wine growing areas, differing widely in size and sometimes overlapping, which lie within the overarching wine region of Bordeaux, centred on the city of Bordeaux and covering the whole area of the Gironde department of Aquitaine.
Bordeaux is a city in the Gironde region of southwest France, standing on the River Garonne. It's the country's fifth largest city, with a population of 259,809 in 2020, and another million living in its associated towns.
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Cabernet Sauvignon is introduced to Bordeaux. Research in the 1990s shows that it’s believed to be a spontaneous cross between Sauvignon Blanc and Cabernet Franc, exactly where and when it happened is unknown. 1787.
