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L' Empire britannique (en anglais : British Empire ), ou Empire colonial britannique, est l'ensemble des territoires qui, sous des statuts divers ( colonies, protectorats, dominions, mandats, tutelles) ont été gouvernés ou administrés du début du XVIIe à la fin du XXe siècle par l' Angleterre, puis le Royaume-Uni (créé en 1707) 3 .
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height in the 19th and early 20th century ...
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states. It began with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height in the 19th and early 20th century ...
- Overview
- 1588
- 1600
- 1603–07
- 1651
- 1655
- 1661
- 1664
- 1670
- 1757
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In 1588 the English fleet defeats the Spanish Armada and establishes the superiority of English ships and seamanship. England is now ready to enter the race for overseas trade and possessions.
Elizabeth I grants a charter to the East India Company, which begins establishing trading posts in India.
Elizabeth’s successor is James I. After succeeding to the throne in 1603 he lays plans to colonize North America. The first permanent English settlement on the continent is Jamestown Colony, Virginia, founded in 1607.
The great Navigation Act is passed. This and other Navigation Acts eventually create a closed economy between Britain and its colonies. All colonial exports have to be shipped on English ships to the British market, and all colonial imports have to come by way of England.
An expedition sent by Oliver Cromwell wrests control of Jamaica from Spain. English settlers bring in vast numbers of enslaved Africans to work the sugar estates on the island.
The first permanent British settlement on the African continent is made at James Island (later Kunta Kinteh Island) in the Gambia River, which becomes a key post in the transatlantic slave trade.
The Dutch trade New Amsterdam (New York City) for a British island in Southeast Asia.
By this time there are British American colonies in New England, Virginia, and Maryland and settlements in the Bermudas, Honduras, Antigua, Barbados, and Nova Scotia, Canada.
British colonial administrator Robert Clive overthrows the nawab, or ruler, of Bengal in the Battle of Plassey on June 23. This victory makes Clive the virtual master of Bengal.
Demonym (s) Briton, British. The British Empire was the largest empire in history and, for a century, was the foremost global power. The British Empire included the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories . The Empire started with England's overseas possessions in the late 16th and early 17th centuries.
The British Empire, therefore, developed into the Commonwealth in the mid-20th century, as former British dependencies obtained sovereignty but retained ties to the United Kingdom. British Empire, Worldwide system of dependencies—colonies, protectorates, and other territories—that over a span of three centuries came under the British ...
