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      • A skilled mercenary who fought for Filippo Visconti, the Duke of Milan, Francesco Sforza married Visconti's daughter in 1441. When Visconti died, Sforza used his military prowess and his marriage to seize control of the state, installing himself as Duke of Milan.
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  2. In 1454, with these forces in play, the Italian powers signed the Peace of Lodi and formed the Italic League. These agreements recognized Francesco as the legitimate ruler of Milan, established a balance-of-power arrangement, and put in place a coalition of Milan, Florence, and Naples.

  3. Oct 16, 2023 · Last Updated on 2023/10/16. The Birth of a Dynasty: Sforzas Ascension to Power. “FRANCESCO SFORZA (Francesco da Cotignola) Of San Miniato. Francesco Sforza (1401-1466) was a leading Italian condottiero and duke who played a crucial role in the intricate political landscape of 15th-century Italy.

  4. While Sforza was recognized as duke of Milan, his son Ludovico would be the first to have formal investiture under the Holy Roman Empire by Maximilian I in 1494. Francesco I Sforza was an Italian condottiero who founded the Sforza dynasty in the duchy of Milan, ruling as its (fourth) duke from 1450 until his death.

  5. When Visconti died, Sforza used his military prowess and his marriage to seize control of the state, installing himself as Duke of Milan. Machiavelli cites Sforza as a ruler who successfully gained and preserved his power through prowess.

  6. Francesco allied with Florence and other northern cities in order to prevent conquest of northern Italy by larger and more unified realms of northern Europe, a threat that came to fruition after his death when the king of France invaded Lombardy to subdue the power of Milan.

  7. Quick Reference. An Italian family that rose to prominence in the 15th and 16th centuries. Muzio Attendolo (1369–1424) was one of the most powerful condottieri of the period (his assumed name Sforza means “force”). His illegitimate son Francesco (1401–66) was also a successful condottiere, whose armies were involved in a three-way war ...

  8. Summary. Citizens who become princes through luck or the favor of others find it easy to acquire their states, but difficult to keep them. They are not used to being in command, and they have no armies of their own. Francesco Sforza became a prince by his own strength and kept his state. Cesare Borgia became a prince by his father's influence ...

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