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Charlemagne [b] ( / ˈʃɑːrləmeɪn, ˌʃɑːrləˈmeɪn / SHAR-lə-mayn, -MAYN; 2 April 748 [a] – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire from 800, holding all these titles until his death in 814. Charlemagne succeeded in uniting the ...
- 9 October 768 – 28 January 814
- Bertrada of Laon
- Early Life & Rise to Power
- Military Campaigns & Expansion
- Saxon Wars
- Holy Roman Emperor
- Ecclesiastical & Educational Reforms
- Legacy
Charlemagne was born, probably at Aachen (in modern-day Germany) during the final years of the Merovingian Dynasty, which had ruled the region since c. 450. The Merovingian king had been steadily losing power and influence for years while the supposedly subordinate royal position of Mayor of the Palace(equivalent to a Prime Minister) had grown more...
As sole ruler of the Franks, Charlemagne ruled from the start by force of his personality which embodied the warrior-king ethos combined with Christian vision. Hollister describes the king: After building up his army, he launched his first campaign into Saxony in 772, beginning a long and bloody conflict known as the Saxon Wars(772-804) in an effor...
Each time Charlemagne thought he had subdued the Saxons and put their struggle to rest, they rebelled again. Prior to the Saxon Wars, the region of Saxony had been on good terms with Francia and regularly interacted with them, serving as a tradeconduit to Scandinavian countries. In 772, a Saxon party was said to have raided and burned a church in D...
Throughout the Saxon Wars and his other campaigns, Charlemagne was acting entirely on his own initiative and paying very little attention to the papacy. None of the popes were complaining, however, because Charlemagne's various enterprises coincided with their own interests or benefited them directly. It was clear by 800, however, that Charlemagne'...
There seems little doubt that the coronation was an attempt by the papacy at establishing some measure of control over Charlemagne. Hollister notes how "the popes believed that the emperors ought to be papal stewards – wielding their secular political authority in the interests of the Roman Church" (112). Even so, there was no practical need to do ...
Charlemagne ruled his empire for 14 years until his death from natural causes in 814. Loyn notes how his "force and dynamic personality were needed to create the empire and, without him, disintegrating elements quickly gained the ascendancy" (79). He had already crowned Louis the Pious as successor in 813 but he could do nothing to ensure his legac...
- Joshua J. Mark
Palace of Aachen. Coordinates: 50°46′32″N 6°05′02″E. A possible reconstruction of Charlemagne's palace. The Palace of Aachen was a group of buildings with residential, political, and religious purposes chosen by Charlemagne to be the center of power of the Carolingian Empire.
Charlemagne, portrait by Albrecht Dürer. Charlemagne (742 or 747 – January 28, 814) (also Charles the Great; [1] from Latin, Carolus Magnus or Karolus Magnus ), son of King Pippin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, was the king of the Franks from 768 C.E. to 814 C.E. and king of the Lombards from 774 C.E. to 814 C.E.
France - Charlemagne, Franks, Gauls: Pippin III was faithful to ancient customs, and upon his death in 768 his kingdom was divided between his two sons, Charles (Charlemagne) and Carloman. The succession did not proceed smoothly, however, as Charlemagne faced a serious revolt in Aquitaine as well as the enmity of his brother, who refused to help suppress the revolt. Carloman’s death in 771 ...
Jun 27, 2023 · End of a dynasty. During the final year of his reign, Charlemagne crowned his son, Louis the Pious, king of Aquitaine, as co-emperor. When he died in 814, Louis became the sole emperor, ending a ...
Charlemagne was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire from 800, holding all these titles until his death in 814. Charlemagne succeeded in uniting the majority of Western Central Europe, and was the first recognized emperor to rule in the west after the fall of the Western Roman Empire approximately three centuries ...
