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  1. Some of the standards organizations of relevance for communication protocols are the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The IETF maintains the protocols in use on the ...

  2. LoRa. LoRa is a proprietary ITU-T Y.4480 wireless radio protocol (using spread spectrum modulation) that has revolutionized IoT by enabling data communication over a long range while using very little power. It was created for devices that need to be battery operated and last long periods of time in the field.

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  4. The former has primary responsibility for further evolution of the TCP/IP protocol suite, its standardization with the concurrence of the IAB, and the integration of other protocols into Internet operation (e.g. the Open Systems Interconnection protocols). The Internet Research Task Force continues to organize and explore advanced concepts in ...

  5. Jan 1, 2020 · 3GPP is deeply involved in the standardization activities related to computing in communication systems. Indeed, the fifth generation of mobile networks is expected to provide an architecture to enable virtualization and slicing to support external tenants to operate and deploy services on the underlying network infrastructure.

    • Fabrizio Granelli, Patrick Seeling, Frank H.P. Fitzek, Riccardo Bassoli
    • 2020
  6. Standards and protocols provide the essential rules that enable hardware and software to work together in order to allow devices to communicate over a computer network. The major network protocol ...

  7. Jan 1, 2014 · 5.1 Network Topologies. Every network has a topology that determines the way in which different devices of the network are arranged and how they communicate with each other. Here we need to distinguish between physical and logical topologies. The former refers to the physical layout of the network, i.e., the way that devices are physically ...

  8. Jul 20, 2022 · Abstract. Standards and standard-setting organizations (SSOs) have played a fundamental role in fostering innovation, especially in the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. Devices such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and smart watches bear complex mechanical and technological features and perform multiple functionalities ...