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Anne Boleyn
- 1 June – Anne Boleyn is crowned Queen at Westminster Abbey, the culmination of four days of ceremonies. 11 July – Pope Clement VII excommunicates Henry VIII and also Archbishop Cranmer. 7 September – The future queen Elizabeth I is born to Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn at the Palace of Placentia in Greenwich.
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7 January – Catherine of Aragon, first queen of Henry VIII, dies aged 50 in banishment at Kimbolton Castle, holding to the last that she is the country's only rightful queen. 29 January Catherine of Aragon is buried at Peterborough Abbey .
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1 day ago · Since writing yesterday, the proctors of the queen of England applied for process of contumacy against the king of England, which the judge not only refused to admit, but recalled those which we had already made, saying that the Pope had commanded him not to proceed in the cause without first giving him a reason, because he was not satisfied as ...
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- Mary, Queen of Scots
- The Spanish Armada
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Elizabeth was born 7 September 1533 at Greenwich Palace, the daughter of Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547) and Anne Boleyn (c. 1501-1536). The princess was named after her grandmother, Elizabeth of York (b. 1466), wife of Henry VII of England (r. 1485-1509). When her father fell out with Anne (and had her imprisoned and then executed), his marri...
When Mary died of stomach cancer in November 1558 and left no heir, then her half-sister Elizabeth became queen. Elizabeth, who was just 25, was crowned in one of the most magnificent ceremonies ever held at Westminster Abbey on 15 January 1559. Henry VIII's three children had all inherited the throne in sequence, just as he had wished it in 1544 (...
To advise her in government, Elizabeth chose William Cecil, Lord Burghley (l. 1520-1598) to act as her personal secretary. Sir Francis Walsingham (c. 1530-1590) was another who held the prime post of Secretary of State and whose invaluable network of spies spread across Europe. Robert Dudley (l. c. 1532-1588), who would become the Earl of Leicester...
Elizabeth returned the Church of England to its reformed state as it had been under Edward VI. She reinstated the Act of Supremacy (April 1559) which put the English monarch at the head of the Church (as opposed to the Pope). Thomas Cranmer's Protestant Book of Common Prayer was reinstated (the 1552 version). Hard-line Protestants and Catholics, th...
In 1568, Mary was imprisoned when she arrived in England. Even in confinement, she was a danger to Elizabeth who dithered over what exactly to do with her cousin. The following year there was a rebellion in the north of England stirred up by the earls of Northumberland and Westmorland, both staunch Catholics. Elizabeth responded emphatically by sen...
When Mary, Queen of Scots was executed on 8 February 1587, Philip of Spain had one more reason to attack England. Philip was angry at rebellions in the Netherlands which disrupted trade and Elizabeth's sending of troops to support the Protestants there in 1585. Other bones of contention were England's rejection of Catholicism and the Pope, and the ...
The arts, as so often when peace is established, positively boomed in the Elizabethan age. In 1576 London received its first playhouse, founded by James Burbage and simply known as The Theatre. Around 1593 William Shakespeare wrote his play Romeo and Juliet. The great bard's historical plays such as Richard III were aimed at massaging the Tudor roy...
It is true that the reality of the final years of Elizabeth's reign was rather less romantic than her legendary image. A run of poor harvests, inflation, and high taxes, needed to pay to fight Spain, and an increase in unemployment and petty crimes, all took their toll on a population which had increased from 3 million at the start of Elizabeth's r...
- Mark Cartwright
The English Reformation took place in 16th-century England when the Church of England was forced by its monarchs and elites to break away from the authority of the Pope and the Catholic Church.
Jul 13, 2020 · The English Reformation progressed apace with Cromwell's Ten Articles of 1536 CE which, inspired by the writings of Martin Luther (1483-1546 CE), rejected the Seven Sacraments of Catholicism and left but three (baptism, penance, and the Eucharist).
- Mark Cartwright
- The English Reformation split the Church in England from the Roman Catholic Church and the Pope. The Protestant Church of England was established a...
- The main causes of the English Reformation were King Henry VIII's desire to divorce his first wife Catherine of Aragon, which the Pope would not al...
- The Reformation had significant effects for England. The monarch became the head of the Protestant Church of England, monasteries were abolished an...
Apr 14, 2020 · Catherine of Aragon (1485-1536 CE) was a Spanish princess who famously became the Queen of England and the first wife of Henry VIII of England (r. 1509-1547 CE). When the marriage did not produce a male heir, Henry VIII became desperate to divorce Catherine and find another wife.
Checked. Mary I (18 February 1516 – 17 November 1558), also known as Mary Tudor, and as " Bloody Mary " by her Protestant opponents, was Queen of England and Ireland from July 1553 and Queen of Spain and the Habsburg dominions as the wife of King Philip II from January 1556 until her death in 1558.
