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      • He rose swiftly after devising a clever strategy to enable Henry to divorce Catherine. By 1532, he was the king's chief minister. The Pope had refused to annul Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon. To bypass this, Cromwell suggested Henry make a break with Rome and place himself as head of an English church.
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  1. Mar 17, 2015 · Henry took Cromwell into his service. How Cromwell became Henry’s chief minister is not clear. What Cromwell actually did for the king between November 1530 and 1533 is difficult to clearly establish with any authority.

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    • The King Gets His Divorce
    • Henry’s Fixer Sets His Sights on The Church
    • Cromwell Engineers The Downfall of ‘The Great Whore’
    • Autumn 1536: Public Unrest Spooks The King
    • Treated Like “A Dog”
    • Spring 1539: Powerful Enemies Pull The Plug on Cromwell’s Reforms
    • Winter 1539/40: The Relationship Turns Ugly
    • April 1540: Briefly Back in The King’s Good Books
    • June 1540: When It Comes, The End Is Spectacular

    Cromwell is often credited with dreaming up England’s break with Rome as a means of extricating Henry from his first marriage. Cardinal Reginald Pole provides an account of the conversation that passed between the king and his councillor when they first discussed the “grete matier”. Cromwell told his royal master in no uncertain terms that, conside...

    On 21 January 1535, Henry appointed Cromwell viceregent in spirituals, or ‘vicar-general’. This gave him considerable new powers over the church. Bolstered by the promotion, and his master’s confidence in him, Cromwell set in train a revolution that would shake England to its core. He wasted no time in dispatching commissioners across the country t...

    Henry VIII’s marriage to Anne Boleyn had been hard won. But as a royal wife, Anne soon proved a disappointment. She failed to produce the longed-for Tudor prince, and when she miscarried a male foetus on the day of Catherine of Aragon’s funeral in January 1536, things began to unravel rapidly for her. “This king has not spoken 10 times to the concu...

    Cromwell emerged from the testing weeks that followed Anne’s execution stronger than ever. “Cromwell rules all,” observed Reginald Pole in June 1536. Shortly afterwards, he was appointed Lord Privy Seal, Baron Cromwell of Wimbledon and was knighted. But Henry’s gratitude did not last for long. Although he had been content to support Cromwell’s reli...

    No matter how high Cromwell had risen in Henry’s favour, he had never completely won his master’s trust or affection in the way that Cardinal Wolsey had done. This became increasingly apparent during the mid-1530s. As early as May 1535, Chapuys had reported to Holy Roman emperor Charles V that the king had upbraided his minister as “a fool and a ma...

    After enjoying a decade’s ascendancy at court, Cromwell’s luck began to turn. In April 1539, he was struck down by a fever and was confined to his house for several weeks, missing the opening of parliament. His enemies were quick to seize the initiative. The Duke of Norfolk presented a series of convincing arguments against Cromwell’s religious ref...

    When Henry’s beloved third wife, Jane Seymour, died in October 1537 shortly after giving birth to his longed-for son and heir, the future Edward VI, Cromwell immediately started searching for her successor. Within weeks, he found a lady whom he believed to be the perfect candidate. The 22-year-old Anne, daughter of the Duke of Cleves, had much to r...

    The year 1539 had been an ‘annus horribilis’ for Cromwell, and by the dawn of 1540, his standing with the king was at an all-time low. Thanks to his chief minister, Henry was married to a woman whom he found abhorrent and he was the enemy of Catholic Europe – not to mention many of his own subjects. Cromwell was flailing, and the world knew it. On ...

    Cromwell arrived late for a meeting of the Privy Council on 10 June. As he entered the chamber, the captain of the guard came forward and arrested him on charges of treason and heresy. Barely had he time to draw breath before he was conveyed to the Tower. Cromwell’s arrest sent shock waves across the country and was soon reported in the courts of E...

  3. Henry VIII confided in Cromwell that he had been unable to consummate the union with Anne and he allowed Cromwell to impart this information to William FitzWilliam, 1st Earl of Southampton who, as Lord Admiral, had conveyed Anne from Calais.

  4. Jul 24, 2024 · Cromwell, whose forthright and clear-sighted temper was less well suited to the conduct of foreign affairs than was Henry VIII’s skillful opportunism, involved himself in projects of a Lutheran alliance distasteful to the king, who wished to stand on Catholic orthodoxy.

  5. In real life, Cromwell enjoyed a spectacular rise from the son of a Putney blacksmith to the chief minister of Henry VIII. A man of exceptional ability and with an enormous capacity for hard work, Cromwell dominated England's political and religious life for a decade.

    • Chief Minister to Henry VIII
    • Elizabeth Williams
  6. The Pope had refused to annul Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon. To bypass this, Cromwell suggested Henry make a break with Rome and place himself as head of an...

  7. May 2, 2024 · Thomas Cromwell enjoyed a meteoric rise from the son of a Putney blacksmith to the chief minister of Henry VIII. A man of exceptional ability and with an enormous capacity for hard work, he dominated England’s political and religious life for a decade.

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