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Jun 13, 2024 · Rule 4.1 governs the use of id. generally. For law review articles, "use id. when citing the immediately preceding authority within the same footnote or within the immediately preceding footnote when the preceding footnote contains only one authority ."
- Alyssa Thurston
- 2020
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Jul 2, 2024 · "Id." is an all-purpose short form citation that may be used for any cited authority except internal cross-references (as described in rule 3.5). " Id. " always refers to the immediately preceding cited authority, either in the same footnote or the previous footnote so long as it is the only authority cited in the preceding footnote.
Use “id.” to refer to a book or other nonperiodical material cited in the immediately preceding citation (Rule 4, 15.10, 16.9, 17.6, 18.8). Otherwise use “supra.”
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Aug 28, 2021 · A Few Latin Abbreviations for References: ‘Ibid.’ and the ‘Id.’ Group Latin abbreviations used to be much more common in scholarly references than they are today, but some still appear in citations and notes.
In law review footnotes, use “ id. ” when citing the immediately preceding authority within the same footnote or within the immediately preceding footnote when the preceding footnote contains only one authority. Note that the period at the end of “ id. ” is always italicized.
Use Id. if you are citing the same page of the same case that you cited in the immediately preceding citation. Use Id. at (pinpoint page) if you are citing a different page of the same case that you cited in the immediately preceding citation.
Jul 2, 2024 · Id. is used to denote a previously cited source. Though "ids." can be very helpful, pay close attention to the rules about when you can use them, dependent on the material type and what the preceding footnote that the " id. " is referring to contains.
