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1. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesIn Vivo and In Vitro Quantification of Glucose Kinetics: From...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Dec 31, 2020 · To determine tracer enrichment (either TTR or MPE), the abundance of varying masses of the compound of interest needs to be analyzed by instruments such as GC-MS or LC-MS. In this review, we will use MPE (i.e., % labeling) for assessing glucose kinetics in vivo and in vitro.

   • Author: Il Young Kim, Sanghee Park, Yeongmin Kim, Yewon Chang, Cheol Soo Choi, Sang Hoon Suh, Robert R. Wolf...
   • DOI: 10.3803/EnM.2020.406

   • Publish Year: 2020
   • Published: 2020/12

2. journals.physiology.org › doi › fullGluconeogenesis in moderately and severely hyperglycemic ...

   journals.physiology.org › doi › full

   Jan 1, 2001 · In this study, GNG was determined in patients with T2DM and in nondiabetic controls by use of C5/C2 and C5/H 2 O. C5/C2 does not require steady-state conditions, only sufficient 2 H enrichment to measure C5 and C2.

   • Author: Guenther Boden, Xinhua Chen, T. Peter Stein

   • Publish Year: 2001

3. diabetesjournals.org › diabetes › articleEffects of Free Fatty Acids on Gluconeogenesis and ...

   diabetesjournals.org › diabetes › article

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   Apr 1, 2001 · Enrichment of hydrogen-2 in plasma water was determined 16, 20, and 24 h after the last meal with an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (PDZ Europa, London, U.K.) using a standard curve with known enrichment ranging from 0.25 to 1.0%.

4. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesA simple method to monitor hepatic gluconeogenesis and ...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Jul 7, 2019 · Here we describe a simple method with oral tracer administration using glucose and triglyceride (TG) plasma isotopomer analysis to study TCA cycling contribution to gluconeogenesis (GNG) and glyceroneogenesis adapted for use in an insulin-resistant population and following an oral sugar challenge.

   • Author: Anne Marie Carreau, Eunsook S. Jin, Yesenia Garcia-Reyes, Haseeb Rahat, Kristen J. Nadeau, Craig R. ...
   • DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00047.2019

   • Publish Year: 2019
   • Published: 2019/07/07

5. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articlesThe effects of free fatty acids on gluconeogenesis and ...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   Feb 2, 1999 · We have quantitatively determined gluconeogenesis (GNG) from all precursors, using a novel method employing 2 H 2 0 to address the question of whether changes in plasma free fatty acids (FFA) affect GNG in healthy, nonobese subjects.

   • Author: Xinhua Chen, Nayyar Iqbal, Guenther Boden
   • DOI: 10.1172/JCI5479

   • Publish Year: 1999
   • Publication: J Clin Invest. 1999 Feb 1; 103(3): 365-372.

6. www.cambridge.org › core › servicesQuantifying the contribution of gluconeogenesis to glucose ...

   www.cambridge.org › core › services

   The contribution of gluconeogenesis to glucose production is estimated from the enrichment of the H bound to C-5 of glucose relative to either that bound to C-2 of glucose or the enrichment in body water on ingesting 2 H 2 O in the fasted state.

7. People also ask

   How is GNG enrichment determined?

   • In the process of GNG, two 3-carbon precursors (labeled and unlabeled) are combined to make a new glucose molecule, and the magnitude of enrichment of the product is determined by the precursor enrichment ( p ), rate of GNG and the rate of glycogenolysis (GB), latter of which dilutes the product enrichment (A).

   In Vivo and In Vitro Quantification of Glucose Kinetics: From Bedside

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7803595/

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   How to determine tracer enrichment?

   • To determine tracer enrichment (either TTR or MPE), the abundance of varying masses of the compound of interest needs to be analyzed by instruments such as GC-MS or LC-MS. In this review, we will use MPE (i.e., % labeling) for assessing glucose kinetics in vivo and in vitro.

   In Vivo and In Vitro Quantification of Glucose Kinetics: From Bedside

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7803595/

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   How is hepatic glucose enrichment calculated?

   • For a given hepatic glucose production (HGP) and given glucose pool size, “true” precursor enrichment can be back-calculated from the labeling patterns (singly labeled glucose, S vs. doubly labeled glucose, D) of the product (glucose) based on combinatorial probabilities with a binomial expansion, irrespective of the magnitude of GB (B).

   In Vivo and In Vitro Quantification of Glucose Kinetics: From Bedside

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7803595/

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   How is hexamethylenetetramine enrichment measured?

   • Enrichment in hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) from C5 of blood glucose was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Hewlett-Packard 5,989 mass spectrometry, 5,890 gas chromatography; Palo Alto, CA) of mass plus 1 (mass 141) ( 5 ). Background enrichment was measured in blood samples obtained before 2 H 2 O ingestion.

   Effects of Free Fatty Acids on Gluconeogenesis and Autoregulation of

   diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/50/4/810/10942/Effects-of-Free-Fatty-Acids-on-Gluconeogenesis-and

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8. journals.physiology.org › doi › fullGluconeogenesis is associated with high rates of ...

   journals.physiology.org › doi › full

   Aug 1, 2012 · The enrichment of [1,6-13 C 2]glucose was determined using both 1 H and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of glucose. The enrichment (E) of 13 C at carbon-1 of glucose was measured using the 1 H NMR of glucose and calculated as the area of the 13 C satellites relative to the total area: E [1- 13 C]glucose = ∑ ( 13 C-sat)/ ∑ ( 12 ...