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They were the first of thousands of young American Indians to attend Carlisle Indian Industrial School and Carlisle was the first of many American Indian boarding schools. The United States founded the Carlisle school in 1879 at the site of an old military base, used during the colonial era and the Civil War.
The United States Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, generally known as Carlisle Indian Industrial School, was the flagship Indian boarding school in the United States from its founding in 1879 through 1918. It was based in the historic Carlisle Barracks, which was transferred to the Department of Interior from the War ...
- Pratt, Ft. Marion Prisoners and Hampton
- Recruiting The First Students
- School Life
- Adjustment and Response
- The Outing System
- “Something Nobler and Higher”
- The Carlisle Indian School Cemetery
The story of the Carlisle Indian Industrial School begins with a brief introduction to its founder. Richard Henry Pratt spent eight years (1867-1875) in Indian Territory as an officer of the 10th Cavalry, commanding a unit of African American “Buffalo Soldiers” and Indian Scouts. During this time, he was stationed at Ft. Sill, OK, 60 miles east of ...
By mid 1879, Pratt had secured the permission of the Secretary of the Interior, Carl Schurz, and Secretary of the War Department McCrary to use a deserted military base as the site of his school. Carlisle Barracks in central Pennsylvania was chosen. It was a former cavalry post that had been closed after a petitioning campaign by the local communit...
Teachers were waiting at the school to begin their work. Pratt had hired a full complement of staff, both for academic and industrial instruction. They had been carefully selected and were ready to begin as soon as the children arrived. Pratt left immediately to collect the second wave of students – the Cheyenne and Kiowa recruited by his former pr...
Zitkala Sa (Dakota) wrote about her early experiences after arriving at a boarding school in Indiana. She described the trauma of having to wear hard, tight fitting shoes and confining dress instead of moccasins and loose shift. She tells about hiding under her bed trying to escape the strict matron’s domination and how the matron and the other gir...
Like most of the Carlisle students, Maggie was enrolled in the Outing Program. Instead of returning the Indian children to their families during the summer months, the detribalizing process was continued by placing them for hire with non Indian families. After her arrival to her country home, Maggie wrote this letter to the Superintendent: Pratt ad...
Pratt was driven by his strong desire to see the Indian become an imitation of the white man. This article from the March 18, 1898 school newspaper, the “Indian Helper” embodies Pratt’s assimilationist philosophy. This is his response to a letter asking for Indian stories: Pratt is often quoted as saying “Kill the Indian, save the man”. Of the 10,0...
At the Carlisle school, as on the reservations, the health of many Indian people was in peril particularly after European contact. Some students were stricken with tuberculosis or smallpox. Others could not cope with the severe stress of separation from family and tribe. Most of the children who became ill were sent back home to their families, but...
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About. The Carlisle Indian Industrial School is a major site of memory for many Native peoples, as well as a source of study for students and scholars around the globe. Richard Henry Pratt implemented his vision for educating Native American students by removing them from their communities and bringing them to Carlisle, Pennsylvania. More than ...
Aug 28, 2021 · The entire system of Indian boarding schools has long been condemned by Native Americans as a form of cultural genocide. The students of the Carlisle Indian School are amassed on the grounds of ...
About the Carlisle Indian Industrial School. Founded by Army officer Richard Pratt to provide vocational, educational opportunities for Native Americans stemming from his experience in the Frontier Wars. The Army transferred Carlisle Barracks to the Department of the Interior on August 25, 1879 by virtue of General Order No. 52.
Carlisle was the beginning. Founded in 1879 by U.S. Army General Richard Pratt, the first government-funded off-reservation boarding school for Native American children was created to assimilate Indigenous Americans into the dominant white culture. Students were forced to abandon their language and cultural traditions, cut their hair, and adopt ...
