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When are other routes of administration required?
What is a route of administration?
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Aug 23, 2023 · A medication administration route is often classified by the location at which the drug is applied, such as oral or intravenous. The choice of routes in which the medications are applied depends not only on convenience but also on the drug's properties and pharmacokinetics.
- Jean Kim, Orlando De Jesus
- 2023/02/12
- 2021
Other routes of administration are required when the oral route cannot be used, for example: When a person cannot take anything by mouth. When a drug must be administered rapidly or in a precise or very high dose. When a drug is poorly or erratically absorbed from the digestive tract. Injection routes.
- Oral Route
- Sublingual/ Buccal Route
- Rectal Route
- Topical Route
- Transdermal Route
- Inhalational Route/ Pulmonary Route
- Injection Routes
This is the most frequently used route for drug administration. When possible, it is the first choice for the administration of drugs, since it is both convenient and economical. Drugs administered orally are placed in the mouth and swallowed. Most drugs that are given orally are absorbed into the circulation from the gastrointestinal tract very ef...
In this route of administration, the drug is placed under the tongue (sublingual route) or between gums and inner lining of the cheek (buccal route). In both cases, the drug is allowed to dissolve, avoiding swallowing as far as possible. The drug is rapidly absorbed through the mucosa into circulation, thereby bypassing the portal circulation and, ...
Medications are sometimes ordered to be administered by rectal route. The rectal mucosa is capable of absorbing many soluble drugs into the circulation. Rectal medication may be in suppository form or in liquid form to be administered as a retention enema. Unlike the oral route, drugs with irritant or unpalatable nature can be administered through ...
Drugs are applied topically, that is to the skin or mucous membrane of the eye, ear, nose, mouth, vagina, etc., mainly for local action. This route provides a high local concentration of the drug without affecting the general circulation. However, drugs that are absorbed into the circulation after local administration may then have systemic effects...
The transdermal route is commonly referred to as “the patch” because the medication is contained in a patch that is absorbed through the skin. Drugs administered through this route must be highly lipophilic. Absorption via this route is slow but conducive to producing long-lasting effects. Special slow-release matrices in some transdermal patches c...
Drug delivery by inhalation is a common route, both for local and for systemic actions. This delivery route is particularly useful for the direct treatment of asthmatic problems, using both powder aerosols (e.g. salmeterol xinafoate) and pressurized metered-dose aerosols containing the drug in liquefied inert propellant (e.g. salbutamol sulphate in...
This is the second commonest route of drug administration. They mainly involve introducing the drug in form of solution or suspension into the body at various sites and to varying depths using syringe and needle. Thus administration involves risk of infection, pain, and local irritation. Injection routes of drug administration are usually employed ...
Nov 2, 2023 · Real People Group/Getty Images. There are many different drug routes of administration. Some are commonly used, while others are rare. Drug administration can be: oral, which is when a person...
Apr 8, 2022 · Although oral route is the most commonly utilized route to deliver drugs, other route of administration is also important, given their unique role in providing desired therapeutic outcome. It is important to choose the appropriate route of administration to maximize therapeutic effects of the drugs and improve patient outcomes.
Mar 28, 2019 · The route used to give a drug depends on three main factors: the part of the body being treated; the way the drug works within the body; the formula of the drug
A schematic representation of the most used routes of administration is shown in Fig. 7.1. When systemic absorption of the drug is desired, medications are usually administered via two main routes: the parental route (through the skin by injection, avoiding the digestive system) and the enteral route (directly at some point of the
