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The 23rd century BC was a century that lasted from the year 2300 BC to 2201 BC. Events Ruins of the pyramid complex of Pepi II, possibly the longest reigning monarch in recorded history. 2334 BC – 2279 BC: (short chronology) Sargon of Akkad's conquest of Mesopotamia.
- Birth and Ancestry
- Early Life
- Reign
- Political
- Marriage and Children
- Aftermath
- Sources
- Further Reading
- External Links
Edward was born on 28 April 1442 at Rouen in Normandy, eldest surviving son of Richard, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville. Until his father's death, he was known as the Earl of March. Both his parents were direct descendants of King Edward III, giving Edward a potential claim to the throne. This was strengthened in 1447, when York became heir to...
Edward grew up amidst a background of economic decline at home, and military defeat abroad, exacerbated by a weak and corrupt central government. Both he and his younger brother Edmund, Earl of Rutland, were born in Rouen, where their father, the Duke of York, served as governor of English lands in France until 1445, when he was replaced by Henry B...
Accession to the throne
At this stage of Edward's career, contemporaries like Philippe de Commines described him as handsome, affable, and energetic.Unusually tall for the period at 6 feet 4 inches (193 centimetres), he was an impressive sight in armour, and took care to wear splendid clothes. This was done deliberately to contrast him with King Henry VI, whose physical and mental frailties undermined his position. On 2 February 1461,[d] Edward won a hard-fought victory at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross in Herefords...
1461 to 1470
Most of the nobility had either remained loyal to Henry or stayed neutral, forcing Edward to rely heavily on the Nevilles. Consolidating the regime initially took precedence, but John Neville's victory at the 1464 Battle of Hexham seemed to end the Lancastrian threat. This exposed internal divisions, particularly over foreign policy, which in this period largely focused on the relationship between England, France and the Duchy of Burgundy, with two of the parties manoeuvring to form an allian...
Exile and restoration
Edward took refuge in Flanders, part of the Duchy of Burgundy, accompanied by a few hundred men, including his younger brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester, Anthony Woodville and William Hastings. The Duchy was ruled by Charles the Bold, husband of his sister Margaret; he provided minimal help, something Edward never forgot. The restored Lancastrian regime faced the same issue that dominated Henry's previous reign. Mental and physical frailties made him incapable of ruling and resulted in an i...
Commentators observe a marked difference between Edward's first period as king, and the second. The failure of attempts to reconcile former enemies like Somerset meant he was noticeably more ruthless after 1471, including the execution of his brother Clarence.In his youth, Edward was a capable and charismatic military commander, who led from the fr...
Edward had ten children by Elizabeth Woodville, seven of whom survived him; they were declared illegitimate under the 1484 Titulus Regius, an act repealed by Henry VII, who married Edward's eldest daughter, Elizabeth. 1. Elizabeth of York (11 February 1466 – 11 February 1503), Queen consort of England; married Henry VII of England, mother of King H...
Edward IV's eldest son, also named Edward, was made Prince of Wales when he was seven months old and given his own household at the age of three. Based in Ludlow Castle, he was supervised by his uncle, Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers, who also acted as his regent for the Council of Wales and the Marches.The historical consensus is he and his bro...
Ashdown-Hill, John (2016). The Private Life of Edward IV. Amberley. ISBN 978-1445652450.Ashley, Mike (2002). British Kings & Queens. Carroll & Graf. ISBN 0-7867-1104-3.Backhouse, Janet (1987). "Founders of the Royal Library: Edward IV and Henry VII as Collectors of Illuminated Manuscripts". In Williams, David (ed.). England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings o...Burke, John (1836). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Uninvested with Heritable Honours....Cokayne, G.E. (2000). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant. Alan Sutton.Gravett, Christopher (2003). Towton 1461: England's Bloodiest Battle. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-513-6.Hankinson, C.F.J., ed. (1949). DeBretts Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage, 147th Year. London: Odhams Press.Mount, Toni (2014). Everyday Life in Medieval London: From the Anglo-Saxons to the Tudors. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-4456-1564-6.Portraits of King Edward IV at the National Portrait Gallery, LondonPeople also ask
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Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha , Edward, nicknamed "Bertie", was related to royalty throughout Europe.
- 22 January 1901 – 6 May 1910
- Queen Victoria
Feb 6, 2020 · Definition. by Mark Cartwright. published on 06 February 2020. Available in other languages: French, Spanish. Edward IV of England. Unknown Artist (Public Domain) Edward IV of England ruled as king from 1461 to 1470 CE and again from 1471 to 1483 CE.
- Mark Cartwright
e. The Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XXIII, alternatively 23rd Dynasty or Dynasty 23) is usually classified as the third dynasty of the ancient Egyptian Third Intermediate Period. This dynasty consisted of a number of Meshwesh kings, who ruled either as pharaohs or as independent kings of parts of Upper Egypt from 880 BC to 720 ...
Edward II (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327), also known as Edward of Caernarfon or Caernarvon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327. The fourth son of Edward I, Edward became the heir to the throne following the death of his older brother Alphonso.
Events. Ruins of the pyramid complex of Pepi II, the longest reigning monarch in recorded history. 2334 BC – 2279 BC: ( short chronology) Sargon of Akkad 's conquest of Mesopotamia. 2333 BC: Beginning of the Gojoseon, the first dynasty and government system in Korea. c. 2300 BC: Bronze Age starts.
