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2nd century ce. Trajan (98–117 ce) Hadrian (117–138 ce) Antoninus Pius (138–161 ce) Marcus Aurelius (161–180 ce) Lucius Verus (161–169 ce) Commodus (177–192 ce) Publius Helvius Pertinax (January–March 193 ce) Marcus Didius Severus Julianus (March–June 193 ce) Septimius Severus (193–211 ce) 3rd century ce. Caracalla (198–217 ce)
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Daniel Kershaw
- Chronicle of the Emperors. The Roman state began as a semi-mythical and small-scale monarchy in the 10th century BC. It later prospered as an expansionist republic from 509 BC onwards.
- Complete List of All Roman Emperors in Order. The Julio-Claudian Dynasty (27 BC – 68 AD) Augustus (27 BC – 14 AD) Tiberius (14 AD – 37 AD) Caligula (37 AD – 41 AD)
- The First (Julio-Claudian) Dynasty (27 BC – 68 AD) The Emergence of the Principate under Augustus (44 BC – 27 BC) Born in 63BC as Gaius Octavius, he was related to Julius Caesar, whose famous legacy he built on to become Emperor.
- The Year of the Four Emperors (68 AD – 69 AD) In the Year 69 AD, after the fall of Nero, three different figures briefly acclaimed themselves emperor, before the fourth, Vespasian, brought the chaotic and violent period to an end, establishing the Flavian Dynasty.
The empire in the 2nd century. The century and three-quarters after Augustus’ death brought no fundamental changes to the principate, although so long a lapse of time naturally introduced modifications and shifts of emphasis. By Flavian and Antonine times the principate was accepted universally.
List of Roman emperors. The Prima Porta statue of Augustus ( r. 27 BC – AD 14), the first Roman emperor. The Roman emperors were the rulers of the Roman Empire from the granting of the name and title Augustus to Octavian by the Roman Senate in 27 BC onward. [1] [2] Augustus maintained a facade of Republican rule, rejecting monarchical titles ...
NameReignSuccessionLife DetailsMaximinus I "Thrax" Gaius Julius Verus ...c. March 235 – c. June 238 [k] (3 years ...Proclaimed emperor by Germanic legions ...c. 172–180 – c. June 238 (aged approx.Gordian I Marcus Antonius Gordianus ...c. April – c. May 238 (22 days)Proclaimed emperor alongside his son, ...c. 158 (?) – c. May 238 (aged approx. 80) ...Gordian II Marcus Antonius Gordianus ...c. April – c. May 238 (22 days)Proclaimed emperor alongside his father ...c. 192 – c. May 238 (aged approx. 46) The ...Pupienus Marcus Clodius Pupienus Maximusc. May – c. August 238 (99 days)Proclaimed emperor jointly with Balbinus ...c. 164 – c. August 238 (aged approx. 74) ...“A chronological list of the emperors of ancient Rome, covering the Julio-Claudian, Flavian, Antonine, and Severan dynasties; the Gallic, Palmyrene, and Eastern Roman empires; and the Constantine period.”
Nov 13, 2023 · 2nd Century CE. Trajan, 98–117 CE – Celebrated for his military conquests and expansion of the empire. Hadrian, 117–138 CE – Known for his extensive travels and the construction of Hadrian’s Wall in Britain. Antoninus Pius, 138–161 CE – A peaceful and prosperous reign, known for his benevolence.
The Roman emperor was the ruler and monarchical head of state of the Roman Empire, starting with the granting of the title augustus to Octavian in 27 BC. The term "emperor" is a modern convention, and did not exist as such during the Empire.
