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Learn about blindness or visual impairment, its causes, effects, and resources for living with vision loss. Find out how to adjust to vision loss, use technology, find jobs, and access braille and other services from AFB.
- Overview
- Causes
- Prevalence
- Impact of Vision Impairment
- Strategies to Address Eye Conditions to Avoid Vision Impairment
- Who Response
Vision, the most dominant of our senses, plays a critical role in every facet and stage of our lives. We take vision for granted, but without vision, we struggle to learn, to walk, to read, to participate in school and to work. Vision impairment occurs when an eye condition affects the visual system and its vision functions. Everyone, if they live ...
Globally, the leading causes of vision impairment and blindness are: 1. refractive errors 2. cataract 3. diabetic retinopathy 4. glaucoma 5. age-related macular degeneration. There is substantial variation in the causes of vision impairment between and within countries according to the availability of eye care services, their affordability, and the...
Globally, at least 2.2 billion people have a near or distance vision impairment. In at least 1 billion – or almost half – of these cases, vision impairment could have been prevented or has yet to be addressed. Among this 1 billion people, the main conditions causing distance vision impairment or blindness are cataract (94 million), refractive error...
Personal impact
Young children with early onset irreversible severe vision impairment can experience delayed motor, language, emotional, social and cognitive development, with lifelong consequences. School-age children with vision impairment can also experience lower levels of educational achievement. Vision impairment severely impacts quality of life among adult populations. Adults with vision impairment can experience lower rates of employment and higher rates of depression and anxiety. In the case of olde...
Economic impact
Vision impairment poses an enormous global financial burden with an estimate annual global productivity loss of about US$ 411 billion purchasing power parity (3). This figure far outweighs the estimated cost gap of addressing the unmet need of vision impairment (estimated at about US$ 25 billion).
There are effective interventions covering promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation which address the needs associated with eye conditions and vision impairment. While many vision loss cases can be prevented (such as those due to infections, trauma, unsafe traditional medicines, perinatal diseases, nutrition-related diseases, unsafe use ...
WHO’s work is guided by the recommendations of the WHO World report on vision (2019) and the resolution on "integrated, people-centred eye care, including preventable blindness and vision impairment" adopted at the Seventy-third World Health Assembly in 2020. The key proposal is to make integrated people-centred eye care (IPEC) the care model of ch...
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Learn about the different types of blindness, such as partial, complete, congenital and legal blindness, and their causes and treatments. Find out how to prevent and manage vision loss and live with blindness.
Learn about the definitions, statistics, and causes of blindness in the United States from the National Federation of the Blind. Find out how many people are blind or visually impaired, how they access information and services, and what resources are available for them.
Sep 25, 2023 · Blindness is usually due to age-related conditions such as macular degeneration, glaucoma, or cataracts. But other rare conditions can also cause blindness in people of all ages. Learn about the symptoms, risk factors, and prevention of seven of the most common causes of blindness, such as AMD, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and strabismus.
