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Islam. Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl ( Arabic: بوران بنت الحسن بن سهل; 6 December 807 – 21 September 884) also known as Khadija bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl ( خديجة بنت الحسن بن سهل ), was one of the wives of the Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun . Buran was al-Ma'mun's second wife, She was the daughter of al-Ma'mun's ...
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Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (807 – 884) was the second wife of caliph al-Ma'mun. The daugther of court official Al-Hasan ibn Sahl , [1] Buran was educated and became a scientist. During her husband's reign, she became his main political and scientific advisor.
- Birth and Education
- Appointment as Successor and Governor of Khurasan
- Abbasid Civil War
- Internal Strife
- After Arrival in Baghdad
- Wars with Byzantium
- Al-Ma'mun's Reign
- Personal Characteristics
- Family
- Death and Legacy
Abdallah, the future al-Ma'mun, was born in Baghdad on the night of the 13 to 14 September 786 CE to Harun al-Rashid and his concubine Marajil, from Badghis. On the same night, which later became known as the "night of the three caliphs", his uncle al-Hadi died and was succeeded by Ma'mun's father, Harun al-Rashid, as ruler of the Abbasid Caliphate...
Although Abdallah was the oldest of his sons, in 794 Harun named the second-born Muhammad, born in April 787 to Zubayda, as the first in line of succession. This was the result of family pressure on the Caliph, reflecting Muhammad's higher birth, as both parents descended from the Abbasid dynasty; indeed, he remained the only Abbasid caliph to clai...
In 802 Harun al-Rashid, father of al-Maʾmūn and al-Amin, ordered that al-Amin succeed him, and al-Ma'mun serve as governor of Khurasan and as caliph after the death of al-Amin. In the last days of Harun's life his health was declining and saw in a dream Musa ibn Jafar sitting in a chamber praying and crying, which made Harun remember how hard he ha...
Sahl ibn Salama al-Ansari
There were disturbances in Iraq during the first several years of al-Maʾmūn's reign, while the caliph was in Merv (near present-day Mary, Turkmenistan). On 13 November 815, Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Sadiq (al-Dibaj) claimed the Caliphate for himself in Mecca. He was defeated and he quickly abdicated asserting that he had only become caliph on news that al-Ma'mun had died. Lawlessness in Baghdad led to the formation of neighborhood watches with religious inspiration, with two notable leaders bein...
Imam al-Rida
In A.H. 201 (817 AD) al-Ma'mun named Ali ar-Rida (the sixth-generation descendant of Aliand the eighth Shia Imam) as his heir as caliph. This move may have been made to appease Shi'ite opinion in Iraq and "reconcile the 'Alid and 'Abbasid branches of the Hashimite family", but in Baghdad it caused the Hashimites—supported by "military chiefs of al-Harbiyya, including Muttalib and 'Isa ibn Muhammad"—to depose al-Ma'mun and elect Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi Caliph. According to Shia sources, the depos...
The rebel forces in Baghdad splintered and wavered in opposition to al-Ma'mun. According to scholar and historian al-Tabari (839–923 CE), al-Ma'mun entered Baghdad on 11 August 819. He wore green and had others do so. Informed that compliance with this command might arouse popular opposition to the colour, on 18 August he reverted to traditional Ab...
By the time al-Ma'mun became Caliph, the Arabs and the Byzantine Empire had settled down into border skirmishing, with Arab raids deep into Anatolia to capture booty and Christians to be enslaved. The situation changed however with the rise to power of Michael II in 820 AD. Forced to deal with the rebel Thomas the Slav, Michael had few troops to sp...
Al-Ma'mun conducted, in the plains of Mesopotamia, two astronomical operations intended to achieve a degree measurement (al-Ma'mun's arc measurement). The crater Almanonon the moon is named in recognition of his contributions to astronomy. Al-Ma'mun's record as an administrator is also marked by his efforts toward the centralization of power and th...
Al-Tabari (v. 32, p. 231) describes al-Ma'mun as of average height, light complexion, handsome and having a long beard that lost its dark colour as he aged. He relates anecdotes concerning the caliph's ability to speak concisely and eloquently without preparation, his generosity, his respect for Muhammad and religion, his sense of moderation, justi...
Al-Ma'mun's first wife was Umm Isa, a daughter of his uncle al-Hadi (r. 785–786), whom he married in 804, when he was eighteen years old. They had two sons, Muhammad al-Asghar, and Abdallah. Another wife was Buran, the daughter of al-Ma'mun's vizier, al-Hasan ibn Sahl. She was born as Khadija on 6 December 807. Al-Ma'mun married her in 817, and con...
Al-Tabari recounts how al-Ma'mun was sitting on the river bank telling those with him how splendid the water was. He asked what would go best with this water and was told a specific kind of fresh dates. Noticing supplies arriving, he asked someone to check whether such dates were included. As they were, he invited those with him to enjoy the water ...
- 27 September 813 – 7 August 833
- al-Amin
- 14 September 786, Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate
- al-Mu'tasim
Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (Arabic: بوران بنت الحسن بن سهل; 6 December 807 – 21 September 884) also known as Khadija bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (خديجة بنت الحسن بن سهل), was one of the wives of the Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun. Buran was al-Ma'mun's second wife, She was the daughter of al-Ma'mun's officer, al ...
Būrān bint al-Ḥasan bin Sahl (en árabe: بوران بنت الحسن بن سهل ; 6 de diciembre de 807–21 de septiembre de 884) 1 fue la segunda esposa del califa Al-Maʿmún, gobernante musulmán de la dinastía abasí a principios del siglo IX. Burán, que nació con el nombre de Jadīŷa ( خديجة بنت الحسن بن سهل ...
Jan 14, 2022 · Buran bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (Arabic: بوران بنت الحسن بن سهل; 6 December 807 – 21 September 884) also known as Khadija bint al-Hasan ibn Sahl (خديجة بنت الحسن بن سهل), was one of the wives of the Abbasid caliph Al-Ma'mun.
