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Oct 12, 2018 · The Crusades were a series of military campaigns organised by popes and Christian western powers to take Jerusalem and the Holy Land back from Muslim control and then defend those gains. There were eight major official crusades between 1095 and 1270, as well as many more unofficial ones.
Nov 15, 2018 · The Crusader States. The four Crusader States in the Middle East were the Principality of Antioch, the County of Edessa, the County of Tripoli, and the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Led by (in theory) the latter, the states raised their own armies based on feudal tenants, free men and mercenaries.
May 5, 2015 · A comprehensive account of the Crusades, a compelling and controversial topic, whose bitter legacy resonates to this day.
Nov 23, 2021 · The term Crusades, as it’s understood by most modern audiences, refers to a series of religious wars fought by Muslim and Christian armies between 1095 and 1291. It’s a long and fascinating ...
Crusades - Jerusalem, Reconquista, Defeat: By the end of the 13th century, Crusading had become more expensive. Acre, the last Crusader stronghold on the mainland, was taken by the Mamluks, and the inhabitants who survived the massacres were enslaved.
The Crusade of 1101 was organized by Pope Paschal II to reinforce Christian rule in the Holy Land. By 1112 Arsuf, Caesarea, Acre, Beirut, and Sidon had been taken, and the entire coast except for Ascalon and Tyre was in Latin hands. Zangī captured Edessa in 1144. The northernmost Crusader state was overrun.
Considered at the time to be divinely sanctioned, these campaigns, involving often ruthless battles, are known as the Crusades. At their core was a desire for access to shrines associated with the life and ministry of Jesus, above all the Holy Sepulcher, the church in Jerusalem said to contain the tomb of Christ ( 2005.100.373.100 ).
