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Zemlja (plural: zemlje, anglicized: zemljas; Latin: terra; English: Land), was a term used in the Balkans during much of the Middle Ages as a unit in political-territorial state division, based on feudal social hierarchy, local administrative control and the feudal distribution of land.
Villein was a term used in the feudal system to denote a peasant (tenant farmer) who was legally tied to a lord of the manor – a villein in gross – or in the case of a villein regardant to a manor. Villeins occupied the social space between a free peasant (or "freeman") and a slave. The majority of medieval European peasants were villeins.
Feudalisme (af senlatin feudum, afledt af feuda, det vil sige len), betegner en samfundsordning med et stykke land, som ejes af herremænd, og som undergivne feodati = "vasaller" har brugsretten til under bestemte vilkår.
In feudal Europe, a corporation (from the Latin corpus, corporis a body) was an aggregation of business interests into a single legal body, entity or compact, usually with an explicit license from city, church, or national leaders.
The Zhou fengjian system was termed as being 'protobureaucratic' [29] and bureaucracy existed alongside feudalism, while in Europe, bureaucracy emerged as a counter system to the feudal order. Therefore, according to some historians, the term "feudalism" is not an exact fit for the Western Zhou political structure but it can be considered a ...
An English feudal earldom is an old noble title that, along with its land, was held per baroniam, which meant the holder had to serve as one of the king's barons. Feudal earldoms are not common. Also, in a few cases, the person who holds a feudal earldom may be different from the person who holds a peerage title with the same name. A peer is ...
A vassal swears the oath of fealty before Count Palatine Frederick I of the Palatinate. A vassal [1] or liege subject [2] is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain.
