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Hugo Marie de Vries (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦyɣoː də ˈvris]) (16 February 1848 – 21 May 1935) [ 2 ] was a Dutch botanist and one of the first geneticists.
Hugo de Vries (born February 16, 1848, Haarlem, Netherlands—died May 21, 1935, near Amsterdam) was a Dutch botanist and geneticist who introduced the experimental study of organic evolution.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Evolutionary Theory in The Late 19th Century
- De Vries's Pangenesis Theory
- De Vries's Work on Variation
- De Vries's Mutation Theory
- Rediscovery of Mendel's Work
- Further Reading
To understand the significance of De Vries's research, it is important to place his investigation in the context of the scientific debates of the period. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection was published in 1859. He held that species evolved or changed in form from generation to generation because some members of the species l...
De Vries published his theory of pangenesis in Intracellular Pangenesis (1889; trans. 1910). He took the name "pangenesis" from Darwin and, like Darwin, he held that characters were passed from parent to offspring through the medium of small particles or elementary units. These units he called "pangenes." De Vries held that the pangenes were locate...
Darwin's theory of evolution maintained that new species were formed by the action of natural selection on variations which always occurred among the members of a species. In the mid-1880s De Vries did a great deal of work on the inheritance of the different characteristics of marigolds. He was impressed by the constancy of the species over several...
In his theory of mutation De Vries combined his theory of pangenesis, which explained heredity, with his theory that new species could arise only from a very large and completely spontaneous variation, which he called a "mutation." This mutation was the result of a new pangene or several new pangenes. In The Mutation Theoryhe said that the adoption...
During the 1890s De Vries carried out many experiments in breeding plants. He crossed plants with different characteristics (for example, hairy and smooth stems) and counted the numbers of plants in succeeding generations which had the different parental characteristics. By the end of the 1890s he had gathered much evidence to show that there were ...
There is no standard biography of De Vries in English. For a general account of his work the best books are L. C. Dunn, A Short History of Genetics (1965), and A. H. Sturtevant, A History of Genetics (1965). For De Vries's part in the rediscovery of Mendel see Robert C. Olby, Origins of Mendelism(1966). □
Hugo de Vries, Carl Correns and Erich von Tschermak-Seysenegg were the three scientists who rediscovered Mendel's laws in 1900. They were all working independently on different plant hybrids, and came to the same conclusions about inheritance as Mendel.
Hugo de Vries. Famous for his Mutation Theory of Descent. ALL students of the growth and other physical activities of plants during the past twenty years have found that any consideration of...
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3 days ago · Quick Reference. (1848–1935) Dutch plant physiologist and geneticist. Born the son of a politician at Haarlem in the Netherlands, de Vries studied botany at Leiden and Heidelberg. He became an expert on the Netherlands flora and later turned his attention from classification to physiology and evolution. He entered Julius von Sachs's ...
Hugo de Vries was born in Haarlem, Netherlands. He was a Professor of Botany at the University of Amsterdam when he began his genetic experiments with plants in 1880. He completed most of his hybridization experiments without knowing about Mendel's work.
