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Nov 9, 2023 · References: Sandstring, S. (ed.) (2008) Grey’s Anatomy, 40th edition, London: Churchill Livingstone, Chapter 50 Wrist and Hand, page 877 & 888. Kuczynski, K. (1968) The proximal Interphalangeal joint: Anatomy and Causes of Stiffness in the Fingers, The Department of Anatomy and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Edinburgh, page 656 & 657.
The interphalangeal articulations of hand are hinge-joints of the phalanges of the hand. There are two sets (except in the thumb): "proximal interphalangeal joints" (PIP), those between the first (also called proximal) and second (intermediate) phalanges "distal interphalangeal joints" (DIP), those between the second and third (distal) phalanges
Osteoarthritis commonly affects three main sites in the hand: the base of the thumb, where the thumb and wrist converge, known as the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint; the joint closest to the fingertip, referring to the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP); the middle joint of a finger, referring to the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP). [5]
The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. [1] These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow cavities on the proximal ends of the proximal phalanges. [1]
The anatomy and composition of the plantar plates are similar to the palmar plates in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and interphalangeal joints in the hand; the proximal origin is thin but the distal insertion is stout. Due to the weight-bearing nature of the human foot, the plantar plates are exposed to extension forces not present in the human ...
The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP joints) are the joints between the metatarsal bones of the foot and the proximal bones (proximal phalanges) of the toes.They are analogous to the knuckles of the hand, and are consequently known as toe knuckles in common speech.
The lumbricals are intrinsic muscles of the hand that flex the metacarpophalangeal joints, [1] and extend the interphalangeal joints. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The lumbrical muscles of the foot also have a similar action, though they are of less clinical concern.
