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Mar 15, 2024 · J.J. Thomson, English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron (1897). He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 and was knighted two years later. Learn more about his life, career, and legacy.
- George Paget Thomson
Sir Joseph John Thomson OM FRS [1] (18 December 1856 – 30 August 1940) was a British physicist and Nobel Laureate in Physics, credited with the discovery of the electron, the first subatomic particle to be found.
- George Paget Thomson, Joan Paget Thomson
- Trinity College, Cambridge
Apr 2, 2014 · J.J. Thomson was a Nobel Prize-winning physicist whose research led to the discovery of electrons. Updated: May 26, 2021. Photo: Universal History Archive/Getty Images. (1856-1940) Who Was J.J....
Thomson, a recipient of the Order of Merit, was knighted in 1908. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1884 and was President during 1916-1920; he received the Royal and Hughes Medals in 1894 and 1902, and the Copley Medal in 1914.
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- Discovery of the Electron – The first subatomic particle. In 1834, Michael Faraday coined the word ion to describe charged particles which were attracted to positively or negatively charged electrodes.
- The Atom as a Plum Pudding. Based on his results, Thomson produced his famous (but incorrect) plum pudding model of the atom. He pictured the atom as a uniformly positively charged ‘pudding’ within which the plums (electrons) orbited.
- Invention of the Mass Spectrometer. In discovering the electron, Thomson also moved towards the invention of an immensely important new tool for chemical analysis – the mass spectrometer.
- Every Hydrogen Atom has only one Electron. In 1907, Thomson established using a variety of methods that every atom of hydrogen has only one electron.
Facts. Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive. Joseph John Thomson. The Nobel Prize in Physics 1906. Born: 18 December 1856, Cheetham Hill, United Kingdom. Died: 30 August 1940, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Affiliation at the time of the award: University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
The British physicist Joseph John “J. J.” Thomson (1856–1940) performed a series of experiments in 1897 designed to study the nature of electric discharge in a high-vacuum cathode-ray tube, an area being investigated by many scientists at the time. Thomson interpreted the deflection of the rays by electrically charged plates and magnets ...