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John Hunyadi. John Hunyadi ( Hungarian: Hunyadi János; Romanian: Ioan de Hunedoara; Croatian: Janko Hunjadi; Serbian: Сибињанин Јанко, romanized : Sibinjanin Janko; c. 1406 – 11 August 1456) was a leading Hungarian military and political figure in the Kingdom of Hungary during the 15th century. According to most contemporary ...
- Erzsébet Morzsinai
- Voyk
- St. Michael's Catholic Cathedral, Alba Iulia, Romania
- Roman Catholic
- Origin
- Rise
- Regent of The Kingdom of Hungary
- Legacy
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John was born into a noble family in 1387 (or 1400 according to some sources) as the son of Vojk (Voicu), a boyar from Wallachia and Erzsébet Morzsinay the daughter of a Hungarian noble family. John's grandfather was named Sorb (also spelled as Serbu or Serbe), a Romanian Knyaz from the Banate of Szörény (Severin). An alternative theory states that...
With Sigismund and in the disputed elections
While still a youth, the younger John Hunyadi entered the retinue of Sigismund, who appreciated his qualities. (He also was the King's creditor on several occasions.) He accompanied the monarch to Frankfurt, in Sigismund's quest for the Imperial crown in 1410, took part in the Hussite Wars in 1420, and in 1437 drove the Ottomans from Semendria. For these services he received numerous estates and a seat in the royal council. In 1438 King Albert II made Hunyadi Ban of Severin. Lying south of th...
First battles of the Balkans
The burden of the Ottoman War now rested with him. In 1441 he delivered Serbia by the victory of Semendria. In 1442, not far from Nagyszeben, on which he had been forced to retire, he annihilated an immense Ottoman presence, and recovered for Hungary the suzerainty of Wallachia. In February 1450, he signed an alliance treaty with Bogdan II of Moldavia. In July, he vanquished a third Turkish army near the Iron Gates. These victories made Hunyadi a prominent enemy of the Ottomans and renowned t...
Battle of Varna
Two days later Cesarini received tidings that a fleet of Venetian galleys had set off for the Bosporus to prevent Murad (who, crushed by his recent disasters, had retired to Anatolia) from recrossing into Europe, and the cardinal reminded the King that he had sworn to cooperate by land if the western powers attacked the Ottomans by sea. In July the Hungarian army recrossed the frontier and advanced towards the Black Sea coast in order to march to Constantinopleescorted by the galleys. Brankov...
Brief personal rule
At the diet which met in February 1445 a provisional government consisting of five Captain Generals was formed, with Hunyadi receiving Transylvania and four counties bordering on the Tisza, called the Partium or Körösvidék, to rule. As the anarchy resulting from the division became unmanageable, Hunyadi was elected regent of Hungary (Regni Gubernator) on June 5, 1446, in the name of Ladislaus V and given the powers of a regent. His first act as regent was to proceed against the German king Fr...
Belgrade campaign and death
Meanwhile, the Ottoman issue had again become acute, and, after the fall of Constantinople in 1453, it seemed natural that Sultan Mehmed II was rallying his resources in order to subjugate Hungary. His immediate objective was Belgrade. Hunyadi arrived at the siege of Belgrade at the end of 1455, after settling differences with his domestic enemies. At his own expense, he restocked the supplies and arms of the fortress, leaving in it a strong garrison under the command of his brother-in-law Mi...
The rise of nationalism has led to hero images of John Hunyadi in the discourse of several local nationalities—each in its own way has claimed him as their own. Along with his son Matthias Corvinus, John has acquired a presence in modern Romania's political culture (images that focus on the Vlach origin rather than their careers within Hungary or o...
This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain. 1. Engel, Pál. 2001. The realm of St. Stephen: a history of medieval Hungary, 895-1526. London, UK: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 9781860640612 2. France, John. 2005. The Crusades and the expansion of Catholic Christendom, 1000-1714. London...
The Siege of Belgrade ( Chronica Hungarorum, 1488) Before Hunyadi could assemble his forces, the army of Mehmed II (160,000 men in early accounts, 60–70,000 according to newer research) arrived at Belgrade. The siege began on 4 July 1456. The Ottomans began bombarding the walls of the city.
- 4–22 July 1456
- Hungarian victory
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Mar 14, 2024 · Tony Bunting. János Hunyadi was a Hungarian general and governor of the kingdom of Hungary from 1446 to 1452, who was a leading commander against the Turks in the 15th century. Hunyadi is first mentioned, probably as a small child, in the diplomas by which King Sigismund transferred possessions of Hunyad castle.
Sep 17, 2023 · In 1443, under the leadership of Hunyadi and Wladyslaw, an anti-Ottoman campaign was launched in the Balkans. The Crusaders scored some victories, but the Ottomans succeeded in barring their passage through the Balkan mountains, and the horrid winter conditions, in the end, forced both sides to sue for peace. Peace was temporarily reestablished ...
Jun 11, 2018 · John Hunyadi spent his youth at the court of the emperor Sigismund, and he distinguished himself in arms from an early age. The last years of Sigismund and the short reign of his son-in-law Albert (1437-1439) witnessed increasing Turkish pressure in southern Hungary.
John Hunyadi’s origins are mysterious and widely contested. He was of relatively lowborn stock and was believed to have fabricated his own family crest and noble lineage. As a young man, he entered the service of King Sigismund, with whom he travelled across Central Europe and Italy.
