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Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi ( 15 August 1948 – 24 December 2018) was an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric and conservative politician who was the Chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council from 14 August 2017 until his death on 24 December 2018. He was previously the Chief Justice of Iran from 1999 to 2009. He was also an Iraqi citizen and a former member of the Islamic Dawa Party. Wikipedia