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Margaret (Italian: Margherita di Parma; 5 July 1522 – 18 January 1586) was Duchess of Parma from 1547 to 1586 as the wife of Duke Ottavio Farnese and Governor of the Netherlands from 1559 to 1567 and from 1578 to 1582.
Mar 25, 2024 · Margaret of Parma (born 1522, Oudenaarde, Spanish Netherlands—died Jan. 18, 1586, Ortona, Kingdom of Naples) was a duchess of Parma and Habsburg regent who, as governor-general of the Netherlands (1559–67), attempted to appease the growing discontent with Spanish rule.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Margaret of Parma was Governor of the Netherlands from 1559 to 1567 and from 1578 to 1582. She was the illegitimate daughter of the 22-year-old Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Johanna Maria van der Gheynst. She was a Duchess of Florence and a Duchess of Parma and Piacenza by her two marriages.
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Jun 8, 2018 · Margaret of Parma, 1522–86, Spanish regent of the Netherlands; illegitimate daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. She was married (1536) to Alessandro de' Medici (d. 1537) and (1538) to Ottavio Farnese, duke of Parma.
Margaret of Parma (1847–1893) Duchess of Madrid . Born on January 1, 1847; died on January 29, 1893; daughter of Louise of Bourbon-Berry (1819–1864) and Charles III, duke of Parma; married Charles, duke of Madrid, on February 4, 1867; children: Blanche of Bourbon (1868–1949); Elvira of Bourbon (1871–1929); Beatrix of Bourbon (b. 1874 ...
Jul 14, 2016 · With limited resources, she achieved much in the months before Alva’s arrival. While she advocated the punishment of Calvinist leaders and imposed harsh settlements in areas under her control, she encouraged restraint where open rebellion had not taken place (notably Amsterdam).
ISBN 978-90-04-25744-3. A fascinating early modern woman with a long and varied life, Margaret of Parma (1522–86) well deserves a scholarly biography in English. Margaret was the illegitimate daughter of Emperor Charles V and Jeanne van der Gheynst, the daughter of a Flemish tapestry worker.
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