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Nabonidus was the last native ruler of ancient Mesopotamia, the end of his reign marking the end of thousands of years of Sumero-Akkadian states, kingdoms and empires. He was also the last independent king of Babylon.
- 25 May 556 BC – 13 October 539 BC
- Adad-guppi
Nabonidus, king of Babylonia from 556 until 539 bc, when Babylon fell to Cyrus, king of Persia. After a popular rising led by the priests of Marduk, chief god of the city, Nabonidus, who favoured the moon god Sin, made his son Belshazzar coregent and spent much of his reign in Arabia.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
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- The Persian Conquest
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In most ancient accounts, Nabonidus is depicted as a royal anomaly. He worshiped the moon god Sîn (mythology) beyond all the other gods, and paid special devotion to Sîn's temple in Harran, where his mother was a priestess. After successful campaigns in Edom and Cilicia (modern Turkey) early in his reign, he left Babylon, residing at the rich deser...
Various accounts survive describing the fall of Babylon during the reign of Nabonidus. According to the Cyrus cylinder, the people opened their gates for Cyrus and greeted him as a liberator. Herodotus says that Cyrus defeated the Babylonian army outside the city, after which he instituted a siege of city. When this took too long, he diverted the E...
Accounts by Berossus and others mention that Nabonidus' life was spared, and that he was allowed to retire in Carmania. This conforms with other accounts indicating that Cyrus the Greatwas known for sparing the lives of the kings whom he had defeated when it served his purposes. Nabonidus successor, Cyrus, brought an end to the Neo-Babylonian Empir...
Beard, Mary, and John A. North. Pagan Priests: Religion and Power in the Ancient World. London: Duckworth, 1990. ISBN 9780715622063.Beaulieu, Paul-Alain. The Reign of Nabonidus, King of Babylon, 556-539 B.C.E. Yale Near Eastern researches, 10. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989. ISBN 9780300043143.—. Legal and Administrative Texts from the Reign of Nabonidus. Yale oriental series, v. 19. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000. ISBN 9780300057706.Crawford, Harriet E. W. Regime Change in the Ancient Near East and Egypt: From Sargon of Agade to Saddam Hussein. Proceedings of the British Academy, 136. Oxford: Oxford University Press for The Br...All links retrieved November 2, 2018. 1. Nabonidus Cylinder from Sippar www.livius.org 2. Nabonidus Cylinder from Ur www.livius.org 3. Nabonidus Chronicle www.livius.org
By deposing Nabonidus, whose reign was marked by eccentric political and religious choices, the Persians ensured that he would be the last ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 B.C.) and ...
Nabonidus. NABONIDUS nă’ bə nī’ dəs (Lat. form of Gr. Ναβουνάιδος, also Herodotus [i. 74], Ααβυνητος; Akkad. Nabū-Na’id [“the god Nabū is to be revered”]). The last king of Chaldaean Babylonia, 556-539 b.c. 1.
In 555 B.C. the latter was murdered in a conspiracy that placed Nabonidus, a distinguished general, on the throne. Like his priestess mother, Nabonidus was a deeply religious man and a devotee of the moon-god Sin.
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Mar 4, 2024 · While the modern field of archaeology is no more than a few centuries old, ancient texts show that the world’s first archaeologist lived around two and a half thousand years ago. That archaeologist was Nabonidus, king of Babylon (r. 556–539 BCE).
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