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  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › David_HumeDavid Hume - Wikipedia

    2 days ago · David Hume ( / hjuːm /; born David Home; 7 May NS [26 April OS] 1711 – 25 August 1776) [7] was a Scottish Enlightenment philosopher, historian, economist, librarian, [8] and essayist, who is best known today for his highly influential system of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism. [1] .

  3. 2 days ago · The study of science, under the heading of natural philosophy, was divided into physics and a conglomerate grouping of chemistry and natural history, which included anatomy, biology, geology, mineralogy, and zoology.

  4. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Natural_lawNatural law - Wikipedia

    4 days ago · Natural law (Latin: ius naturale, lex naturalis) is a system of law based on a close observation of natural order and human nature, from which values, thought by the proponents of this concept to be intrinsic to human nature, can be deduced and applied independently of positive law (the express enacted laws of a state or society).

  5. 2 days ago · In his natural philosophy, he differed from the schools on two major points. First, he rejected the splitting of corporeal substance into matter and form; second, he rejected any appeal to final ends, divine or natural, in explaining natural phenomena. In his theology, he insists on the absolute freedom of God's act of creation. Refusing to ...

  6. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › ScienceScience - Wikipedia

    5 days ago · Modern natural science is the successor to the natural philosophy that began in Ancient Greece. Galileo, Descartes, Bacon, and Newton debated the benefits of using approaches which were more mathematical and more experimental in a methodical way.

  7. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › MetaphysicsMetaphysics - Wikipedia

    23 hours ago · Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that examines the fundamental structure of reality. It is often characterized as first philosophy, implying that it is more basic than other forms of philosophical inquiry. Metaphysics is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of reality, but some modern theorists understand it as an ...

  8. 1 day ago · Abstract. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the meaning of the terms ‘nature’ and ‘natural’ as used by Smith in his moral philosophy in relation to human nature. Starting from a synthesis of a number of perspectives, as opposed to those that see nature unilaterally as an object of description or as a matrix of moral norms, I ...

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