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Operation Market Garden was an Allied military operation during the Second World War fought in the German-occupied Netherlands from 17 to 25 September 1944.
- 17–27 September 1944
May 2, 2024 · Operation Market Garden, Allied pursuit of Nazi Germany’s forces across France, and strategic airborne attempt to advance into Germany during World War II, from September 17 to 27, 1944.
- British Landing Zones Were Too Far from Arnhem
- The Allies Had Too Few Transport Aircraft
- Bad Weather Hampered Landings
- Radio Communications Failed
- Allied Ground Troops Advanced Slowly
- Role of SS Panzer Divisions
- WWII Was Extended and The Soviets—Not Western Allies—Claimed Berlin
- GeneratedCaptionsTabForHeroSec
On the morning of September 17, 1944, three divisions of the First Allied Airborne Army—the U.S. 101st and 82nd Airborne and the British 1st Airborne—began flying from bases in England across the North Sea to the Netherlands. The 101st Airborne was tasked with capturing Eindhoven, as well as several bridges over the canals and rivers north of that ...
Due to limited numbers of transport aircraft, the British forces at Arnhem had to be dropped into the Netherlands over three days, rather than all at once, lessening the possibility of surprise as well as the impact of the attack. While many troops from the 1st British Airborne were dropped by parachute and gliders on the afternoon of the first day...
Dense fog in England on the second day of the operation, as well as thick, low clouds over the battleground in the Netherlands, hampered the transport of troops, as well as supplies. The supplies would have been crucial to the survival of British forces fighting to hold Arnhem Bridge.
To make matters even worse, the wooded landscape and the separation between the different British battalions meant many of their radios stopped working. These failures broke down communication and made it difficult for the 1st Airborne Division and its commander, Major-General Robert “Roy” Urquhart, to coordinate the attack on Arnhem. According to ...
By the end of the first day of Operation Market Garden, the 2nd Battalion of the 1st British Airborne, commanded by Lt. Col. John Frost, had reached the north end of Arnhem bridge and fortified themselves within nearby homes, preparing to hold the bridge on their own until the arrival of relief ground troops. But the ground relief column, led by XX...
Before Operation Market Garden even started, Allied intelligence got reports that two well-equipped German SS Panzer (tank) divisions were in the area around Arnhem. But commanders of the operation, including Lt. Gen. Frederick “Boy” Browning, decided the operation should go ahead anyway—a risk that turned into a disaster for Allied troops at Arnhe...
Though Operation Market Garden liberated much of the Netherlands from Nazi occupation, established a foothold from which the Allies could make later offensives into Germany and showed the courage and determination of the Allied forces in Arnhem, it remained a costly failure, with lasting consequences. Of the approximately 10,600 Allied forces who m...
Learn how the Allies planned to bypass the Siegfried Line by crossing the Rhine River in 1944, but faced challenges such as bad weather, communication failures and German resistance. Find out what went wrong and why the operation ended in a costly defeat.
- Sarah Pruitt
- 4 min
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Learn about the daring airborne operation to cross the Rhine and advance into Germany in 1944. See objects, maps, photos and stories of the battle that failed despite the courage and determination of the troops.
Learn how the U.S. 82nd and 101st Airborne Divisions parachuted into the Netherlands to seize bridges for a ground offensive into Germany in 1944. Read about the planning, execution, and outcome of this daring operation that Montgomery hoped would end the war by Christmas.
Jun 12, 2006 · Learn how the 101st and 82nd Airborne divisions fought to secure a road and bridges in Holland against the Germans in 1944. Read the story of the largest airborne operation of World War II and its impact on the war.
Jul 15, 2019 · A critical analysis of the Allied airborne operation in the Netherlands in 1944, exploring the strategic, operational and tactical factors that contributed to its failure. The article examines the flaws in conception, execution and German response, as well as the role of intelligence, weather and terrain.
