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Otto Fritz Meyerhof (German pronunciation: [ˈɔto ˈmaɪ̯ɐˌhoːf] ⓘ; 12 April 1884 – 6 October 1951) was a German physician and biochemist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine.
- German
Apr 8, 2024 · Otto Meyerhof (born April 12, 1884, Hanover, Germany—died October 6, 1951, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.) was a German biochemist and corecipient, with Archibald V. Hill, of the 1922 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for research on the chemical reactions of metabolism in muscle.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Biographical. O tto Fritz Meyerhof was born on April 12, 1884, in Hannover. He was the son of Felix Meyerhof, a merchant of that city and his wife Bettina May. Soon after his birth his family moved to Berlin, where he went to the Wilhelms Gymnasium (classical secondary school).
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- Muscle Research at Kiel
- New Aspects of Muscle Research at Berlin
- Overthrow of The Lactic Acid Theory
- Later Life
- Further Reading
In 1912 Meyerhof became an assistant in the department of physiology in the University of Kiel and in 1918 assistant professor. In 1913 he delivered a lecture on the energetics of cell phenomena which became a classic, and he published (1916-1917) three papers on energy exchanges in the nitrifying bacteria, which papers had an important influence o...
Shortly after receiving the Nobel Prize, Meyerhof was offered a chair of biochemistry in an important American university. To retain him in Germany, a new department was created for him in the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology at Berlin-Dahlem; to provide the accommodation, each of the heads of the five existing departments spontaneously offered...
In 1929 Meyerhof became head of the department of physiology in a new Institute for Medical Research in the University of Heidelberg. In 1929-1930 Einaar Lundsgaard of Copenhagen, in experiments begun in Copenhagen and completed in Meyerhof's new institute, obtained results damaging to the lactic acid theory. Lundsgaard showed that, in a muscle poi...
Meyerhof was appointed research professor of physiological chemistry at the School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania. During 10 years in the United States he published 50 papers. In 1946 he partially separated thecalcium-activated enzyme adenosine-triphosphatase (ATPase), found in muscle, from myosin. In 1948 he demonstrated in muscle a...
There is a biography of Meyerhof in Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine, 1922-1941 (1965), which also includes his Nobel Lecture. For the biochemical background see G. H. Bell, J. N. Davidson, and H. Scarborough, Textbook of Physiology and Biochemistry (6th ed. 1965). For a full account of Meyerhof's work on muscle see the sections by Dorothy M....
Meyerhof demonstrated that muscle glycogen is the precursor of the lactic acid formed in the absence of oxygen. He further showed that, in the presence of oxygen, some of the lactic acid formed during the anaerobic contraction was oxidized, but that not all the lactic acid underwent this fate.
Ludolf von Krehl’s search for colleagues who would integrate the then quite separate disciplines of the natural sciences under the umbrella of biomedical research led him to Otto Meyerhof. Meyerhof’s study of intermediate metabolism involved a mix of physiology, pharmacology, physics and pathology.
Otto Fritz Meyerhof (* 12. April 1884 in Hannover; † 6. Oktober 1951 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) war ein deutscher Biochemiker, der 1922 gemeinsam mit Archibald Vivian Hill für seine Forschungen über den Stoffwechsel im Muskel den Nobelpreis für Medizin erhielt.
