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History. SQL was initially developed at IBM by Donald D. Chamberlin and Raymond F. Boyce after learning about the relational model from Edgar F. Codd in the early 1970s. This version, initially called SEQUEL (Structured English Query Language), was designed to manipulate and retrieve data stored in IBM's original quasirelational database management system, System R, which a group at IBM San ...
In computer science, imperative programming is a programming paradigm of software that uses statements that change a program's state. In much the same way that the imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands, an imperative program consists of commands for the computer to perform. Imperative programming focuses on describing how a ...
structured programming (modular programming): Structured programming (sometimes known as modular programming ) is a subset of procedural programming that enforces a logical structure on the program being written to make it more efficient and easier to understand and modify. Certain languages such as Ada , Pascal , and dBASE are designed with ...
Value-level (contrast: Function-level) v. t. e. Structured programming is a programming paradigm aimed at improving the clarity, quality, and development time of a computer program by making extensive use of the structured control flow constructs of selection ( if/then/else) and repetition ( while and for ), block structures, and subroutines.
Jan 2, 2019 · Structured programming. In one view, structured programming is programming that avoids using the potentially dangerous goto statement. This prevents potentially confusing transfers of control. Many structured programming languages support the goto statement, which can be used in a structured manner. For example, to exit to the end of a routine ...
Functional programming. In computer science, functional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigm in which function definitions are trees of expressions that map values to other values, rather than a sequence of imperative statements which ...
Structured concurrency. Structured concurrency is a programming paradigm aimed at improving the clarity, quality, and development time of a computer program by using a structured approach to concurrent programming . The core concept is the encapsulation of concurrent threads of execution (here encompassing kernel and userland threads and ...