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The Protocols resurfaced in 1917 and quickly spread across the globe, fueling anti-Semitic and anti-Bolshevik fervor. Their authenticity was challenged in public trials, most notably in Berne in 1934-1935.
The “Protocols of the Elders of Zion,” the most notorious and most successful work of modern anti-Semitism, draws on popular anti-Semitic notions which have their roots in medieval Europe from the time of the Crusades. The libels that the Jews used blood of Christian children for the Feast of Passover, poisoned the wells and spread the ...
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion is an anti-Semitic pamphlet published in Russia at the end of the 19th century. It purports to be the minutes of meetings held secretly by Jewish wise men plotting to control the world.
Explore a timeline of key events related to the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, the most notorious and widely distributed antisemitic publication of modern times.
Protocols of the Elders of Zion. Forged document that claims to reveal a Jewish plot to take over the world. The Protocols were based on a satire of the French regime by Maurice Joly that had been published in Belgium in 1864. The adaptation was first distributed in Russia.
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First published in Russia in 1905, the book is composed of 24 chapters—protocols—that describe the alleged “secret plans” of Jews to rule the world by manipulating the economy, controlling the media, and fostering religious conflict. Neither the conspiracy nor its leaders, the so-called Elders of Zion, ever existed.
Protocols of the Elders of Zion, fraudulent document that served as a pretext and rationale for anti-Semitism mainly in the early 20th century. Investigations found that the document was a forgery compounded by officials of the Russian secret police out of various sources.
