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The Kassel World War II bombings were a set of Allied strategic bombing attacks which took place from February 1942 to March 1945. In a single deadliest raid on 22–23 October 1943, 150,000 inhabitants were bombed-out, [citation needed] at least 6,000 people died, [citation needed] the vast majority of the city center was destroyed, and the fire of the most severe air raid burned for seven days.
Maurice was born in Kassel as the son of William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel, and of his wife Sabine of Württemberg . Although Maurice had been raised in the Lutheran faith, he converted to Calvinism in 1605. On the principle Cuius regio eius religio, Maurice's subjects were also required to convert to Calvinism.
Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (25 May 1572 – 15 March 1632), succeeded as landgrave on William IV's death in 1592. In addition William had a few illegitimate children. Most significant and favored among these was Philipp von Cornberg (1553–1616), William's son by Elisabeth Wallenstein. Philipp was ennobled by his father and became the ...
Born in Kassel, he was the son of William V (whom he succeeded) and his wife Amalie Elisabeth, Gräfin of Hanau-Münzenberg (daughter of Philip Louis II of Hanau-Münzenberg and his wife Countess Catharina Belgica of Nassau ). His mother remained his guardian until he came of age. Despite Hesse-Kassel's defeat in the Thirty Years' War, William ...
Frederick II ( German: Landgraf Friedrich II von Hessen-Kassel) (14 August 1720 – 31 October 1785) was Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) from 1760 to 1785. He ruled as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers ( called "Hessians") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.
Children of Philip I, divided the land between them: William IV received Kassel. Louis IV received Marburg, which after his childless death was divided between his brothers; Philip II received Rheinfels, which after his childless death was divided between his brothers; George I received Darmstadt. Louis IV the Elder.
Apr 12, 2024 · Historical Background [edit | edit source]. The "Grand Duchy of Hesse" was originally formed on the basis of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806. *After the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, it changed its name in 1816 to distinguish itself from the Electorate of Hesse, which had formed from neighboring Hesse-Kassel.
