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Zhou Enlai (Chinese: 周恩来; pinyin: Zhōu Ēnlái; Wade–Giles: Chou 1 Ên 1-lai 2; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was a Chinese statesman, diplomat, and revolutionary who served as the first Premier of the People's Republic of China from September 1954 until his death in January 1976.
- Sun Weishi, Wang Shu (both adopted)
- Kuomintang (1923–1927)
- Nankai Middle School
- Chinese Communist Party (1921–1976)
Apr 17, 2024 · Zhou Enlai was a leading figure in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and premier (1949–76) and foreign minister (1949–58) of the People’s Republic of China, who played a major role in the Chinese Revolution and later in the conduct of China’s foreign relations. He was an important member of the CCP.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Revolutionary Activities
- French "Studies" and The Years in Europe
- The First United Front
- From Shanghai to Yan'an
- Premiership
- Death and Reactions
- Assessment
- Further Reading
Zhou first came to national prominence as an activist during the May Fourth Movement. He had enrolled as a student in the literature department of Nankai University (南開大學), which enabled him to visit the campus, but he never attended classes. He became one of the organizers of the Tianjin Students Union, whose avowed aim was “to struggle against th...
On November 7, 1920, Zhou Enlai and 196 other Chinese students sailed from Shanghai for Marseilles, France. At Marseilles they were met by a member of the Sino-French Education Committee and boarded a train to Paris. Almost as soon as he arrived, Zhou became embroiled in a wrangle between the students and the education authorities running the “work...
In January, 1924, Sun Yat-sen had officially proclaimed an alliance between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and a plan for a military expedition to unify China and destroy the warlords. The Whampoa Military Academy was set up in March to train officers for the armies that would march against the warlords. Classes began on May 1, and the speech g...
In 1926, the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Communist Party of China (CPC) began the Northern Expedition (北伐; běi fá), a military campaign intended to speed up the Chinese revolution against feudalism and imperialism, end the rule of local warlords, and unify China under the Nationalists. Zhou worked as a labor agitator. In 1926, he organized a general s...
In 1949, with the establishment of the People's Republic of China (中華人民共和國; Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó), Zhou assumed the role of Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs. On February 14, 1950, Zhou signed a 30-year Chinese-Soviet treaty of alliance in Moscow. In June 1953, he made the five declarations for peace. He headed the Communist Chine...
Zhou was hospitalized in 1974 for bladder cancer, but continued to conduct work from the hospital, with Deng Xiaoping as the First Deputy Premier handling most of the important State Council matters. Zhou died on the morning of January 8, 1976, eight months before Mao Zedong. Zhou's death brought messages of condolence from many non-aligned states ...
Zhou Enlai is generally regarded as a skilled negotiator, a master of policy implementation, a devoted revolutionary, and a pragmatic statesman with patience and an unusual attentiveness to detail and nuance. He was also known for his dedication, and is sometimes said to be the last Mandarin bureaucrat in the Confucian tradition. Zhou's political b...
Barnouin, Barbara, and Changgen Yu. 2006. Zhou Enlai: a political life. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press. ISBN 9629962446Fang, Percy Jucheng, and Lucy Guinong J. Fang. 1986. Zhou Enlai: a profile. Beijing: Foreign Languages Press. ISBN 9780835117128Gao, Wenqian. 2003. Wan nian Zhou Enlai. "Zhen xiang" xi lie, 24. Carle Place, NY: Ming jing chu ban she. ISBN 1932138072Han, Suyin. 1994. Eldest son: Zhou Enlai and the making of modern China, 1898-1976. New York: Hill and Wang. ISBN 0809041510People also ask
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May 7, 2024 · A comprehensive and balanced biography of Zhou Enlai, the first premier and foreign minister of China, who shaped its administrative and diplomatic system and resisted Mao's excesses. Learn about his revolutionary career, his role in the Sino-Soviet split, his relations with Nixon and Kissinger, and his legacy in China and the world.
Zhou Enlai, or Chou En-lai, (born March 5, 1898, Huai’an, Jiangsu province, China—died Jan. 8, 1976, Beijing), Chinese communist leader, premier from the founding of the People’s Republic of China until his death (1949–76). Zhou became a communist during his studies abroad in France and was an organizer for the Chinese Communist Party ...
Learn about the life and achievements of Zhou Enlai, a leading figure in the Chinese Communist Party and the first premier of the People's Republic of China. Explore his role in the Chinese Revolution, the United Front against Japan, and China's foreign relations.
Zhou Enlai (1898-1976) was a prominent and respected leader of the Communist movement in China. He played a key role in the founding of the CCP, the Red Army, and the PRC, and in the opening to the U.S. and the world.
