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1203. 1203 ( MCCIII ) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1203rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 203rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 3rd year of the 13th century, and the 4th year of the 1200s decade.
- Background of The Fourth Crusade
- The Crusade Falls Into Debt
- The Assault on The City of Zara
- The Plan to Attack Constantinople Is Hatched
- The Crusade Arrives Off Constantinople
- The Capture of The Tower of Galata
- The First Assault
- Restoration of Isaac II
- The Coronation of Alexius IV
- The Second Great Fire of Constantinople
In the years from 1201 to 1202 the Fourth Crusade, sanctioned by pope Innocent III, was readying itself to set out to conquer Egypt, which was by then the center of Islamic power. After initial problems, finally Boniface, the Marquis of Monferrat was decided as the leader of the campaign. But right from the beginning the Crusade was beset by fundam...
However, things were not to go according to plan. There was considerable distrust and animosity amongst the crusaders. This led some of them to instead make their own way to teh east, finding their own means of transportation. John of Nesle reached Acre with a force of Flemish fighters in 1202 without the Venetian fleet. Others made their sea voyag...
Venice had been deprived of the city of Zara by the Hungarians who had conquered it. Not only was this a loss in itself, but it also was a potential rival to their ambition of dominating the trade of the Mediterranean. And yet, Venice didn’t possess the army it required to re-conquer this city. Now however, with the massive crusading army indebted ...
Meanwhile the situation of the crusaders had not much improved. That half of the loot which they had made with the sack of Zara still was not enough to repay the outstanding debt of 34’000 marks to the Venetians. In fact, most of their spoils was spent on buying food for themselves throughout their winter stay in the conquered city. Now whilst the ...
But by 23 June 1203 the fleet, consisting of roughly 450 large ships and many other small ones, arrived off Constantinople. Would Constantinople now have possessed a powerful fleet, it could have given battle and perhaps defeated the invaders. Instead however, bad government had seen the fleet decay over years. Lying idle and useless, teh Byzantine...
On 5 July 1203 the fleet carried the crusaders across the Bosporus to Galata, the stretch of land lying north of teh Golden Horn. Here the coast was far less sternly fortified than around Constantinople and it was host to the Jewish quarters of the city. But all this was of no importance to the crusaders. Only one thing mattered to them Tower of Ga...
Now the great force prepared for their assault on Constantinople itself. The crusaders set up camp out of catapult range at the northern end of the great walls of Constantinople. The Venetians meanwhile built ingenious giant drawbridges along which three men alongside each other could climb from the deck of their ships up to the top of the walls if...
The next day the two sides awoke to the realization that the reason for the quarrels had disappeared. But the Byzantines, having the advantage of learning of this news first, took the first step in releasing Isaac II from the dungeon of Blachernae palace and restoring him as emperor at once. So, no sooner did the crusaders learn of the flight of Al...
The crusaders however, together with some of the advisors of the court, also managed to persuade Isaac II to allow for his son Alexius to be crowned as co-emperor. For one the crusaders wanted at last to see their puppet emperor on the throne. But also the courtiers thought it unwise to have a blind man like Isaac II on the throne on his own. On 1 ...
In Alexius IV absence a disaster struck the great city of Constantinople. A few drunken crusaders, started attacking a Saracen mosque and the people praying within it. Many Byzantine citizens came to the help of the beleaguered Saracens. Meanwhile many of the Italian residents of the merchants quarters rushed to the aid of the crusaders once the vi...
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The Siege of Constantinople in 1203 was a crucial episode of the Fourth Crusade, marking the beginning of a series of events that would ultimately lead to the fall of the Byzantine capital. The crusaders, diverted from their original mission to reclaim Jerusalem, found themselves in Constantinople, in support of the deposed emperor Isaac II ...
- 11 July-1 August 1203
- Alexios IV Angelos takes Byzantine throne
In June 1203 AD, the crusaders arrived in Constantinople, and by the end of July succeeded in taking the city. Alexius was crowned emperor on the 1st of August 1203 AD, but his reign was unstable right from the beginning.
The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous empire in history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe, extending northward into parts of the Arctic; eastward and southward into parts of the Indian subcontinent, attempted invasions of Southeast Asia, and ...
1327 or 946 or 174. — to —. 阴金鸡年. (female Iron- Rooster) 1328 or 947 or 175. Boniface I (right) is elected as leader of the Fourth Crusade at Soissons (1840). Year 1201 ( MCCI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar .
